A Tutorial and Case Study in Propensity Score Analysis: An Application to Estimating the Effect of In-Hospital Smoking Cessation Counseling on Mortality.
A Tutorial and Case Study in Propensity Score Analysis: An Application to Estimating the Effect of In-Hospital Smoking Cessation Counseling on Mortality.
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DOI：
10.1080/00273171.2011.540480
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Austin PC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Austin PC
倾向评分法允许研究者使用观察性或非随机数据估计因果治疗效应。在这篇文章中，我们提供了一个实际的例子进行倾向评分分析的适当步骤。为了说明的目的，我们使用了一个样本，目前吸烟者出院后活着诊断为急性心肌梗死住院。关注的暴露是在出院前接受戒烟咨询，结局是出院3年后的死亡率。我们阐述了以下概念：第一，如何指定倾向评分模型;第二，如何在倾向评分上匹配治疗和未治疗的参与者;第三，如何在倾向评分分层后，在倾向评分匹配的样本中，或在治疗的逆概率加权的样本中，比较治疗和未治疗的参与者之间的基线特征的相似性;第四，当使用倾向评分匹配、倾向评分分层、使用倾向评分的治疗加权的逆概率或使用倾向评分的协变量调整时，如何估计治疗对结果的影响。最后，我们比较的倾向得分分析的结果与使用传统的回归调整。
Propensity score methods allow investigators to estimate causal treatment effects using observational or nonrandomized data. In this article we provide a practical illustration of the appropriate steps in conducting propensity score analyses. For illustrative purposes, we use a sample of current smokers who were discharged alive after being hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. The exposure of interest was receipt of smoking cessation counseling prior to hospital discharge and the outcome was mortality with 3 years of hospital discharge. We illustrate the following concepts: first, how to specify the propensity score model; second, how to match treated and untreated participants on the propensity score; third, how to compare the similarity of baseline characteristics between treated and untreated participants after stratifying on the propensity score, in a sample matched on the propensity score, or in a sample weighted by the inverse probability of treatment; fourth, how to estimate the effect of treatment on outcomes when using propensity score matching, stratification on the propensity score, inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score, or covariate adjustment using the propensity score. Finally, we compare the results of the propensity score analyses with those obtained using conventional regression adjustment.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
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影响因子：
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