Spatial scales of marine conservation management for breeding seabirds-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.024

发表时间：

2018-11

期刊：

Marine Policy

影响因子：

3.8

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

法学2区

文献类型：

作者：

S. Oppel;M. Bolton;A. Carneiro;M. Dias;J. Green;J. Masello;R. Phillips;Ellie Owen;P. Quillfeldt;Annalea Beard;S. Bertrand;Jez Blackburn;P. Boersma;Alder Borges;A. Broderick;P. Catry;I. Cleasby;Elizabeth Clingham;J. Creuwels;S. Crofts;R. Cuthbert;Hanneke Dallmeijer;D. Davies;R. Davies;B. Dilley;H. Dinis;J. Dossa;M. Dunn;M. A. Efe;Annette L. Fayet;Leila Figueiredo;Adelcides Pereira Frederico;C. Gjerdrum;B. Godley;J. P. Granadeiro;T. Guilford;K. Hamer;Carolina Hazin;A. Hedd;Leeann Henry;Marcos Hernández-Montero;J. Hinke;N. Kokubun;Eliza H. K. Leat;L. M. Tranquilla;B. Metzger;T. Militão;Gilson Montrond;W. Mullié;O. Padget;E. J. Pearmain;I. Pollet;K. Pütz;F. Quintana;N. Ratcliffe;Robert A. Ronconi;P. Ryan;Sarah Saldanha;A. Shoji;J. Sim;C. Small;L. Soanes;A. Takahashi;P. Trathan;W. Trivelpiece;J. Veen;Ewan D. Wakefield;N. Weber;S. Weber;Laura Zango;F. Daunt;Motohiro Ito;M. Harris;M. Newell;S. Wanless;J. González‐Solís;J. Croxall

了解可以实施有效管理的空间尺度是保护规划的基础。这对于移动物种尤其重要，因为它们可能会面临大面积的威胁，但不同物种的空间使用要求可能会有所不同，这可能会导致某些管理方法效率低下。这里对海鸟的空间利用模式进行了检查，以就是否应针对具有不同运动特征的分类群体量身定制保护管理方法提供指导。海鸟跟踪数据综合了 1998 年至 2017 年间在大西洋盆地收集的 10 个科 52 个物种的 5419 个成年繁殖个体。量化了空间分布的两个关键方面，即海鸟距其群体的距离有多远，以及来自同一群体的个体在海上使用相同区域的程度。有证据表明，所研究的十个海鸟科的空间利用模式存在显着差异，这表明需要采取几种替代的保护管理方法。一些物种在海上表现出较大的觅食范围和很少的聚集，这表明基于区域的保护解决方案必须非常大才能充分保护这些物种。研究结果强调，短程和聚集的物种，如鸬鹚、海雀、一些企鹅和海鸥，将在繁殖季节受益于相对较小空间尺度的保护方法。然而，对于信天翁、海燕、风暴海燕和军舰鸟等分布广泛且分散的物种，需要在大空间范围内加强对渔业、兼捕、污染和其他威胁的监管。

Knowing the spatial scales at which effective management can be implemented is fundamental for conservation planning. This is especially important for mobile species, which can be exposed to threats across large areas, but the space use requirements of different species can vary to an extent that might render some management approaches inefficient. Here the space use patterns of seabirds were examined to provide guidance on whether conservation management approaches should be tailored for taxonomic groups with different movement characteristics. Seabird tracking data were synthesised from 5419 adult breeding individuals of 52 species in ten families that were collected in the Atlantic Ocean basin between 1998 and 2017. Two key aspects of spatial distribution were quantified, namely how far seabirds ranged from their colony, and to what extent individuals from the same colony used the same areas at sea. There was evidence for substantial differences in patterns of space-use among the ten studied seabird families, indicating that several alternative conservation management approaches are needed. Several species exhibited large foraging ranges and little aggregation at sea, indicating that area-based conservation solutions would have to be extremely large to adequately protect such species. The results highlight that short-ranging and aggregating species such as cormorants, auks, some penguins, and gulls would benefit from conservation approaches at relatively small spatial scales during their breeding season. However, improved regulation of fisheries, bycatch, pollution and other threats over large spatial scales will be needed for wide-ranging and dispersed species such as albatrosses, petrels, storm petrels and frigatebirds.

Spatial scales of marine conservation management for breeding seabirds

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