CASCADE – The Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE
CASCADE – The Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE
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DOI：
10.5194/essd-2020-401
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
J. Martens;E. Romankevich;I. Semiletov;B. Wild;B. Dongen;J. Vonk;T. Tesi;N. Shakhova;O. Dudarev;D. Kosmach;A. Vetrov;L. Lobkovsky;N. Belyaev;R. Macdonald;A. Pieńkowski;T. Eglinton;N. Haghipour;S. Dahle;M. Carroll;Emmelie K. L. Åström;J. Grebmeier;L. Cooper;G. Possnert;Ö. Gustafsson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Martens;E. Romankevich;I. Semiletov;B. Wild;B. Dongen;J. Vonk;T. Tesi;N. Shakhova;O. Dudarev;D. Kosmach;A. Vetrov;L. Lobkovsky;N. Belyaev;R. Macdonald;A. Pieńkowski;T. Eglinton;N. Haghipour;S. Dahle;M. Carroll;Emmelie K. L. Åström;J. Grebmeier;L. Cooper;G. Possnert;Ö. Gustafsson
摘要。广泛陆架海和半封闭北冰洋内部盆地的生物地球化学循环受到碳和其他元素的陆海运输的强烈影响。北极碳循环系统也与气候有着内在联系，因此容易受到环境和气候变化的影响。北冰洋沉积物是北极生物地球化学循环中活跃而不可或缺的一部分，并为研究有机物质的现在和历史输入和命运（例如，通过永久冻土融化）提供了机会。为了比较北极地区之间的差异和研究北极生物地球化学收支，需要全面的沉积记录。为此，通过广泛的国际社会合作，建立了环北极沉积物碳数据库（CASCADE），主要收集有机碳（OC）浓度和OC同位素（δ13C， Δ14C）的数据，以及总氮（TN）、陆源生物标志物和其他沉积物地球化学和物理性质的数据，这些数据来自已发表的文献和早期未发表的记录。本文介绍了CASCADE的建立、结构和现状。第一个公开版本包括4244个海洋站的表层沉积物OC浓度，其中2317个具有TN浓度，1555个具有δ13C-OC值，268个具有Δ14C-OC值，653个具有定量陆源生物标志物（高分子量正构烷烃、正烷酸和木质素酚）的记录分布在北冰洋大陆架和中央盆地。CASCADE还包括326个沉积物岩心的数据，这些数据是通过浅层箱形或多层取心、深层重力/活塞取心以及海底钻井获得的。综合数据集揭示了几个大尺度特征，包括大陆架海接收区之间的OC含量和基于同位素的OC来源诊断的明显差异。这表明，例如，强烈的提前老化的陆源OC释放到东西伯利亚北极大陆架，较年轻的陆源OC释放到喀拉海，从而为永久冻土融化释放的物质的陆海运输提供了线索。CASCADE能够对北冰洋沉积物中的有机碳进行天气性分析，并促进对北极碳循环进行广泛的未来经验和建模研究。CASCADE在网上是开放和免费的（https://doi.org/10.17043/cascade; Martens et al., 2020b），以各种机器可读的数据格式（数据表，GIS shapefile， GIS栅格）提供，并且还提供了为未来的CASCADE版本贡献数据的方法。作为斯德哥尔摩大学Bolin气候研究中心数据库管理的一部分，CASCADE将在可预见的未来不断更新新发布和提供的数据。
Abstract. Biogeochemical cycling in the extensive shelf seas and in the interior basins of the semi-enclosed Arctic Ocean are strongly influenced by land-ocean transport of carbon and other elements. The Arctic carbon cycle system is also inherently connected with the climate, and thus vulnerable to environmental and climate changes. Sediments of the Arctic Ocean are an active and integral part in Arctic biogeochemical cycling, and provide the opportunity to study present and historical input and fate of organic matter (e.g., through permafrost thawing). To compare differences between the Arctic regions and to study Arctic biogeochemical budgets, comprehensive sedimentary records are required. To this end, the Circum-Arctic Sediment CArbon DatabasE (CASCADE) was established to curate data primarily on concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and OC isotopes (δ13C, Δ14C), yet also on total N (TN) as well as of terrigenous biomarkers and other sediment geochemical and physical properties drawn both from the published literature and from earlier unpublished records through an extensive international community collaboration. This paper describes the establishment, structure and current status of CASCADE. This first public version includes OC concentrations in surface sediments at 4244 oceanographic stations including 2317 with TN concentrations, 1555 with δ13C-OC values, 268 with Δ14C-OC values and 653 records with quantified terrigenous biomarkers (high molecular weight n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids and lignin phenols) distributed over the shelves and the central basins of the Arctic Ocean. CASCADE also includes data from 326 sediment cores, retrieved by shallow box- or multi-coring and deep gravity/piston coring, as well as sea-bottom drilling. The comprehensive dataset reveals several large-scale features, including clear differences in both OC content and isotope-based diagnostics of OC sources between the shelf sea recipients. This indicates, for instance, the release of strongly pre-aged terrigenous OC to the East Siberian Arctic shelf and younger terrigenous OC to the Kara Sea and thus provides clues about land-ocean transport of material released by thawing permafrost. CASCADE enables synoptic analysis of OC in Arctic Ocean sediments and facilitates a wide array of future empirical and modelling studies of the Arctic carbon cycle. CASCADE is openly and freely available online (https://doi.org/10.17043/cascade; Martens et al., 2020b), is provided in various machine-readable data formats (data tables, GIS shapefile, GIS raster), and also provides ways for contributing data for future CASCADE versions. CASCADE will be continuously updated with newly published and contributed data over the foreseeable future as part of the database management of the Bolin Centre for Climate Research at Stockholm University.