Stable-isotope and trace element time series from Fedchenko glacier (Pamirs) snow/firn cores
Stable-isotope and trace element time series from Fedchenko glacier (Pamirs) snow/firn cores
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DOI：
10.3189/002214309788608787
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
V. Aizen;P. Mayewski;E. Aizen;D. Joswiak;A. Surazakov;S. Kaspari;B. Grigholm;M. Krachler;M. Handley;A. Finaev
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文献类型：
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作者：
V. Aizen;P. Mayewski;E. Aizen;D. Joswiak;A. Surazakov;S. Kaspari;B. Grigholm;M. Krachler;M. Handley;A. Finaev
2005年夏季，在5365和5206ma.s.l处获得了两个试点雪/降雪岩芯。在塔吉克斯坦帕米尔高原的费琴科冰川上，这是世界上最长、最深的高山冰川。稳定同位素和微量元素分布中出现的明确的季节分层确定了控制气候和气溶胶浓度信号的物理联系。气温和湿度/降水是稳定同位素比值的主要决定因素。帕米尔高原上的大部分降水来自大西洋。在夏季，欧亚大陆中部半干旱地区的水蒸气被重新蒸发。半干旱地区导致费德琴科冰川积雪中的不溶气溶胶含量增加。帕米尔岩芯中稀土元素、常量元素等元素含量低于天山，但高于南极、格陵兰、阿尔卑斯山和阿拉泰。费德琴科冰芯中的重金属含量比阿拉泰冰川低2-14倍。来自阿富汗-塔吉克矿床的黄土是运往帕米尔高原的主要致岩物质。微量元素总体上表现为沙尘暴期间迎风坡面气溶胶浓度呈增加趋势，晴朗条件下气溶胶浓度随海拔升高而降低。微量元素档案记录了20世纪最严重的干旱之一。没有冰川，就没有文化。如果没有山脉，冬天积雪并最终堆积成冰，这些平坦的土地就是沙漠地带的W.里克默·里克默斯(W.Rickmer Rickmers，1929)；在他与R.Finsterwalder到帕米尔高原探险后
Abstract In summer 2005, two pilot snow/firn cores were obtained at 5365 and 5206 m a.s.l. on Fedchenko glacier, Pamirs, Tajikistan, the world’s longest and deepest alpine glacier. The well-defined seasonal layering appearing in stable-isotope and trace element distribution identified the physical links controlling the climate and aerosol concentration signals. Air temperature and humidity/precipitation were the primary determinants of stable-isotope ratios. Most precipitation over the Pamirs originated in the Atlantic. In summer, water vapor was re-evaporated from semi-arid regions in central Eurasia. The semi-arid regions contribute to non-soluble aerosol loading in snow accumulated on Fedchenko glacier. In the Pamir core, concentrations of rare earth elements, major and other elements were less than those in the Tien Shan but greater than those in Antarctica, Greenland, the Alps and the Altai. The content of heavy metals in the Fedchenko cores is 2–14 times lower than in the Altai glaciers. Loess from Afghan–Tajik deposits is the predominant lithogenic material transported to the Pamirs. Trace elements generally showed that aerosol concentration tended to increase on the windward slopes during dust storms but tended to decrease with altitude under clear conditions. The trace element profile documented one of the most severe droughts in the 20th century. ‘There is no culture without glaciers. Without the mountain ranges where the snow is accumulated over winter and eventually packed to become ice, the flat lands would be desert lands’ W. Rickmer Rickmers (1929); after his expedition to the Pamirs with R. Finsterwalder