Lead toxicity in plants
Lead toxicity in plants
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DOI：
10.1515/9783110434330-015
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dubey, Rama Shanker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sharma, Pallavi;Dubey, Rama Shanker
本文综述了铅(Pb2+)毒害与藻类和高等植物中Pb2+胁迫机制的关系。在此基础上，介绍了目前环境中Pb2+污染的主要来源，包括农业、工业和道路交通。此外，还讨论了铅的生物可利用性，以此作为评估过去几十年发表的许多铅毒性研究的环境相关性的基础。这些研究提出了Pb2+毒性的三种主要机制：光合作用抑制、氧化应激和“遗传毒性”，包括DNA损伤和有丝分裂缺陷。看看这些研究中应用的浓度范围，就会发现有丝分裂中的缺陷很可能是与环境最相关的影响。相比之下，与其他金属离子相比，Pb2+对光合作用光反应的抑制效果要差得多，因此对Pb2+的毒性似乎与环境无关。作为结论和展望，提出了未来研究的方向，即建立各种毒性效应的可靠浓度阈值及其因果关系。
This review looks critically at the relevance of lead (Pb2+) toxicity and proposed mechanisms of Pb2+ -induced stress in algae and higher plants. As a basis, the current main sources of Pb2+ contamination in the environment are presented, which include agriculture, industry, and road traffic. Further, bioavailability of lead is discussed as a basis for evaluating the environmental relevance of the many studies on lead toxicity that have been published in the past decades. These studies suggest three main mechanisms of toxicity of Pb2+ : inhibition of photosynthesis, oxidative stress, and "genotoxicity" including DNA damage and defects in mitosis. Looking at the applied concentration ranges in these studies reveals that likely the defects in mitosis are the environmentally most relevant effects. In contrast, inhibition of photosynthetic light reactions is far less efficient with Pb2+ compared to other metal ions, so that for Pb2+ toxicity it seems environmentally not relevant. As a conclusion and outlook, a direction of future studies towards establishment of reliable concentration thresholds of the various toxic effects and their causal interconnection is suggested.