Extended culture of macrophages from different sources and maturation results in a common M2 phenotype
Extended culture of macrophages from different sources and maturation results in a common M2 phenotype
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DOI：
10.1002/jbm.a.35415
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Grainger, David W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chamberlain, Lisa M.;Holt-Casper, Dolly;Grainger, David W.
对生物材料的炎症反应严重影响植入设备周围的环境，通常会产生异物反应。巨噬细胞是一种与植入生物材料一致相关的关键免疫调节细胞类型，通常用于生物材料的短期体外细胞研究，旨在重现宿主反应。这些研究中的不一致之处，包括不同来源的细胞、不同的培养时间以及不同激活标记的评估，导致体外结果出现许多相互矛盾的结果，从而混淆了一致性和结论。我们假设不同的实验流行的单核巨噬细胞类型具有内在的体外培养特异性差异，从而产生相互矛盾的结果。最近的研究表明，培养的巨噬细胞细胞因子表达会随着时间的推移而发生变化，从而得出这样的假设：巨噬细胞表型的变化也会随着培养时间的延长而发生变化。在这里，不同转化来源和原代来源的巨噬细胞在模型聚合物生物材料上培养 21 天。比较了基于细胞类型的形态和细胞因子/趋化因子表达的差异，以及与分化阶段、激活状态和粘附相关的细胞表面生物标志物的变化。结果反映了在 21 天的延长培养后，所有细胞类型的巨噬细胞甘露糖受体上调，巨噬细胞一致向 M2 表型发育。值得注意的是，植入的生物材料在体内经历异物反应和封装通常会引起向类似 M2 巨噬细胞表型的转变。巨噬细胞培养物的体外“默认”，无论其谱系如何，在存在生物材料的情况下长时间培养时达到这种 M2 状态尚未得到认可，但对体内宿主反应的体外建模具有重要意义。 (C) 2015 年 Wiley 期刊公司。
Inflammatory responses to biomaterials heavily influence the environment surrounding implanted devices, often producing foreign-body reactions. The macrophage is a key immunomodulatory cell type consistently associated with implanted biomaterials and routinely used in short-term in vitro cell studies of biomaterials aiming to reproduce host responses. Inconsistencies within these studies, including differently sourced cells, different durations of culture, and assessment of different activation markers, lead to many conflicting results in vitro that confound consistency and conclusions. We hypothesize that different experimentally popular monocyte-macrophage cell types have intrinsic in vitro culture-specific differences that yield conflicting results. Recent studies demonstrate changes in cultured macrophage cytokine expression over time, leading to the hypothesis that changes in macrophage phenotype also occur in response to extended culture. Here, macrophage cells of different transformed and primary-derived origins were cultured for 21 days on model polymer biomaterials. Cell type-based differences in morphology and cytokine/chemokine expression as well as changes in cell surface biomarkers associated with differentiation stage, activation state, and adhesion were compared. Results reflect consistent macrophage development toward an M2 phenotype via up-regulation of the macrophage mannose receptor for all cell types following 21-day extended culture. Significantly, implanted biomaterials experiencing the foreign-body response and encapsulation in vivo often elicit a shift toward an analogous M2 macrophage phenotype. In vitro "default" of macrophage cultures, regardless of lineage, to this M2 state in the presence of biomaterials at long culture periods is not recognized, but has important implications to in vitro modeling of in vivo host response. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.