Chiral-imbalance density wave in baryonic matters
Chiral-imbalance density wave in baryonic matters
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DOI：
10.1088/1361-6471/ab6c32
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发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mamiya Kawaguchi;S. Matsuzaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mamiya Kawaguchi;S. Matsuzaki
我们提出了磁场下重子/高密度物质中出现的一种新的手性不平衡现象。由于高密度物质中电磁感应 $U(1)_A$ 异常，可以创建局部手性不平衡（奇偶校验）域。所提出的局部手性不平衡通常与耦合到磁场的非均匀手性（π）矢量电流的空间分布具有密切的关系。为了证明这种不平凡的相关性，我们采用斯格明子晶体方法来模拟重子/高密度物质。值得注意的是，我们发现当不均匀手性凝聚态发展形成手性密度波时，手性不平衡分布在高密度区域中呈现波形（称为“手性不平衡密度波”）。这意味着显式破裂的 $U(1)_A$ 电流的非平凡密度波与自发破裂的手性风味电流的手性密度波同时出现。我们进一步发现斯格明子晶体模型中的拓扑相变（斯格明子相和半斯格明子相之间）经历了手性不平衡密度波形状和周期性的变形。这种手性不平衡密度波的出现可能会对磁场下致密恒星的手性相变以及核物质结构的研究做出至关重要的贡献。
We propose a new chirality-imbalance phenomenon arising in baryonic/high dense matters under a magnetic field. A locally chiral-imbalanced (parity-odd) domain can be created due to the electromagnetically induced $U(1)_A$ anomaly in high-dense matters. The proposed local-chiral imbalance generically possesses a close relationship to a spacial distribution of an inhomogeneous chiral (pion)-vector current coupled to the magnetic field. To demonstrate such a nontrivial correlation, we take the skyrmion crystal approach to model baryonic/high dense matters. Remarkably enough, we find the chirality-imbalance distribution takes a wave form in a high density region (dobbed ``chiral-imbalance density wave''), when the inhomogeneous chiral condensate develops to form a chiral density wave. This implies the emergence of a nontrivial density wave for the explicitly broken $U(1)_A$ current simultaneously with the chiral density wave for the spontaneously broken chiral-flavor current. We further find that the topological phase transition in the skyrmion crystal model (between skyrmion and half-skyrmion phases) undergoes the deformation of the chiral-imbalance density wave in shape and periodicity. The emergence of this chiral-imbalance density wave could give a crucial contribution to studies on the chiral phase transition, as well as the nuclear matter structure, in compact stars under a magnetic field.