The ionotropic receptor gene family in Lepidoptera and Trichoptera: Annotation, evolutionary and functional perspectives.
The ionotropic receptor gene family in Lepidoptera and Trichoptera: Annotation, evolutionary and functional perspectives.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.056
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发表时间：
2020-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Ningna Yin;Shu-Mei Nuo;Hai-Yan Xiao;Yu-Jie Zhao;Jiaying Zhu;Naiyong Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ningna Yin;Shu-Mei Nuo;Hai-Yan Xiao;Yu-Jie Zhao;Jiaying Zhu;Naiyong Liu
鳞翅目（蛾和蝴蝶）和毛翅目（石蛾），属于两栖纲，是最多样化的昆虫目，分别代表陆生和水生昆虫。这两个目昆虫具有不同的生物学和行为学特征，特别是幼虫，可能是导致离子型受体（IR）基因在数量、序列特征或基因结构上存在差异的原因。本研究采用基因组学、转录组学、生物信息学、遗传学和分子生物学等方法对鳞翅目和毛翅目的IR基因库进行了研究。基因组和转录组分析与详尽的同源性为基础的搜索和手工的努力，在32鳞翅目和5毛翅目，导致识别1449个基因编码IR与1170全长序列，代表最全面的一套化学感受器超家族的两栖类。通过对近缘种的基因获得和丢失的分析，发现近缘种中存在部分IR的丢失，多拷贝的IR主要是通过基因重复的方式在不同的IR中出现。对67种昆虫的2442个IR蛋白的系统发育分析表明，鳞翅目和毛翅目IR可分为3个亚科，14个触角IR（A-IR）、5个鳞翅目特异性IR（LS-IR）和4个D-IR。在这3个亚家族中，直链组内的A-IR和LS-IR成员具有高度的基因结构保守性，而D-IR的氨基酸同源性极低（低于30%）。表达谱分析表明，家蚕和黄凤蝶的IR在嗅觉、味觉和生殖等方面存在功能差异，其中触角中的某些基因表现出性别偏好性表达，与雌、雄成虫的化学感受行为相关。我们目前的研究提供了深入了解的进化，保护和分歧的IR之间/内鳞翅目和毛翅目，并允许进一步的实验，以调查IR功能。
Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) and Trichoptera (caddisflies), belonging to the superorder Amphiesmenoptera, are the most diverse insect orders as representatives of the terrestrial and aquatic insects, respectively. The insects of the two orders possess different biological and behavioral characteristics, especially their larvae, presumably resulting in the differences of the ionotropic receptor (IR) genes in numbers, sequence characteristics or gene structure. Here, we employed genomics, transcriptomics, bioinformatics, phylogenetics and molecular biology strategies to characterize the IR gene repertoire in Lepidoptera and Trichoptera. Genome and transcriptome analyses with exhaustive homology-based searches and manual efforts, in 32 lepidopterans and five trichopterans, led to the identification of 1449 genes encoding IRs with 1170 full-length sequences, representing the most comprehensive set of chemoreceptor superfamilies across the Amphiesmenoptera. Analysis of gene gains and losses in orthologous groups implied that some IRs were lost in related species, and multiple gene copies occurred mainly in divergent IRs (D-IRs) by gene duplications. Phylogenetic analysis of 2442 IR proteins from 67 species revealed that Lepidoptera and Trichoptera IRs could be classified into three subfamilies, i.e., 14 antennal IRs (A-IRs), five Lepidoptera-specific IRs (LS-IRs) and four D-IRs. Of the three subfamilies, A-IRs and LS-IRs members within orthologous groups exhibited high conservation of gene structure, but D-IRs shared extremely low amino acid identities (below 30%). Expression profiles revealed functional diversities of IRs fromBombyx moriandPapilio xuthusinvolving smell, taste or reproduction, in which some genes displayed sex-biased expression in antennae associated with specific chemosensory behaviors of female or male adults. Our current study has provided insights into the evolution, conservation and divergence of IRs between/within Lepidoptera and Trichoptera, and allows for further experiments to investigate IR functions.