Fair-Weather Atmospheric Charge Measurements with a Small UAS
Fair-Weather Atmospheric Charge Measurements with a Small UAS
复制标题
使用小型无人机进行晴天大气电荷测量
DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-22-0025.1
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Schön M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schön M
由小型无人驾驶飞机系统（UAS）进行的大气电测量是罕见的，但由于它们可以提供有关大气边界层（ABL）的气溶胶和湍流特征的信息，因此对大气科学界越来越感兴趣。在这里，我们首次分析了小型电动固定翼无人机模型MASC-3的空间电荷和气象测量新数据集。本文讨论了两个不同的实验：1)飞越一个99米高的金属塔，测试电荷传感器对由塔的几何形状引起的固定电场畸变的响应。MASC-3的电荷传感器响应与模拟的塔周围电场非常吻合。2)在海拔2500 m的垂直剖面上研究ABL随时间的变化。这些飞行证明了空间电荷分布与温度、相对湿度和湍流参数之间的密切一致，就像在有夏季对流的晴朗天气里所期望的那样。测量到的空间电荷最大值约为70 pC m−3，与文献中气球平台的其他测量结果相当。这些测量证明了小型无人机在大气电测量中的适用性，前提是要注意选择飞机平台、传感器位置、最小化电干扰以及仔细选择飞行路径。这种飞机通常比有人驾驶飞机更具成本效益，并且越来越多地用于大气科学目的。
Atmospheric electricity measurements made from small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are rare but are of increasing interest to the atmospheric science community due to the information that they can provide about aerosol and turbulence characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Here we present the first analysis of a new dataset of space charge and meteorology measurements made from the small, electric, fixed-wing UAS model MASC-3. Two distinct experiments are discussed: 1) Flights past a 99 m metal tower to test the response of the charge sensor to a fixed distortion of the electric field caused by the geometry of the tower. Excellent agreement is found between the charge sensor response from the MASC-3 and modeled electric field around the tower. 2) Vertical profiles up to an altitude of 2500 m to study the evolution of the ABL with the time of day. These flights demonstrated close agreement between the space charge profiles and temperature, relative humidity, and turbulence parameters, as would be expected on a fair-weather day with summertime convection. Maximum values of space charge measured were of order 70 pC m−3, comparable with other measurements in the literature from balloon platforms. These measurements demonstrate the suitability of small UAS for atmospheric electrical measurements, provided that care is taken over the choice of aircraft platform, sensor placement, minimization of electrical interference, and careful choice of the flight path. Such aircraft are typically more cost-effective than manned aircraft and are being increasingly used for atmospheric science purposes.