Emerging Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in the Regulation of Neural Stem Cells Proliferation and Differentiation
Emerging Roles of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) in the Regulation of Neural Stem Cells Proliferation and Differentiation
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DOI：
10.1007/s12015-008-9024-2
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ceru, Maria Paola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cimini, AnnaMaria;Ceru, Maria Paola
神经细胞命运调控的分子机制是近年来研究的热点。神经前体细胞（npc）在发育过程中依次经历扩张、神经源性和胶质源性命运，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。最近的研究已经确定了一些控制npc命运的外在因素。Wnt信号对NPCs的神经元分化具有指导作用。Wnt在npc的神经源性阶段发挥这一作用，但在早期扩张阶段则不发挥作用，而在早期扩张阶段，这一途径促进了增殖。同样，stat3激活配体在npc的晚期胶质细胞形成阶段诱导星形细胞分化，而在早期扩张和神经发生阶段则不诱导。在发育过程中，祖细胞行为和命运的这些显著变化背后的机制尚不清楚，但被认为包括神经祖细胞内在特性的变化，以及它们的信号环境的变化。ppar是核激素受体超家族的配体激活转录因子，以类视黄醇X受体（RXR）异二聚体的形式激活靶基因的转录。ppar最近参与了一个特定命运的NSC收购。它们被描述为参与控制NSC增殖、迁移和分化的通路，即Wnt信号通路、STAT3和NFkB通路。在这篇综述中，我们报道了与ppar和NSC相关的发现，以及它们与NSC规范中涉及的其他信号转导途径的可能联系。
The molecular mechanisms controlling the specification of neural cell fates have been the focus of intense research in recent years. Neural precursor cells (NPCs) sequentially undergo expansion, neurogenic and gliogenic fates during development, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Recent studies have identified a number of extrinsic factors that regulate the fate of NPCs. Wnt signaling induces neuronal differentiation of NPCs in an instructive manner. Wnt plays this role in the neurogenic phase of NPCs but not in the early expansion phase, when this pathway promotes proliferation. Likewise, STAT3-activating ligands induce astrocytic differentiation in late gliogenic phase of NPCs but not in the early expansion and neurogenic phases. The mechanisms underlying these remarkable changes in progenitor behaviour and fate during development are not understood, but are thought to include changes in the intrinsic properties of neural progenitors, as well as changes in their signalling environment. PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, which activate the transcription of their target genes as heterodimers with retinoid X receptors (RXR). PPARs have been recently involved in NSC acquisition of a specific fate. They have been described to be involved in pathways present also in the control of the proliferation, migration and differentiation of NSC, i.e. Wnt signalling pathway, STAT3 and NFkB pathways. In this review the findings related to PPARs and NSC are reported as well as their possible linkage to other signal transduction pathways involved in NSC specification.