Molecular Imaging of the Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor in Alzheimer Disease.
Molecular Imaging of the Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor in Alzheimer Disease.
复制标题
阿尔茨海默病烟碱胆碱能受体的分子成像。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jagp.2017.01.001
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith,GwennS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smith,GwennS
Molecular brain imaging represents a bridge between basic and clinical neuroscience and provides many opportunities for testing hypotheses in vivo in humans that are generated from integrating clinical observations, animal models, and neuropathology studies. In geriatric mental health, molecular imaging methods can provide the fundamental neurobiological data that are needed to address the most challenging issues of the field—namely, the treatment and ultimately, prevention of, cognitive deficits and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). The initial mechanistic focus of single photon emission computer tomography and positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging studies in late-life neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease was the monoaminergic targets of antipsychotic and antidepressant medications. 1 More recent advances in radiotracer chemistry have led to an unprecedented opportunity to visualize in vivo the neuropathology of Alzheimer disease (AD), as well as neurochemical mechanisms including the cholinergic system (acetylcholinesterase, the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, muscarinic and nicotinic receptors). Converging evidence from neuropathologic and multiradiotracer PET studies support the combined investigation of AD pathology with neurochemical and molecular mechanisms to understand cognitive decline and the emergence of NPS. 2Several lines of evidence highlight the importance of investigating nicotinic receptors in vivo and understanding the clinical significance of this system in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disease. 3 The nicotinic system has an important role in cognition (attention and memory) as shown by studies in healthy individuals and in neurodegenerative disease. The nicotinic system has several neurobiological functions relevant to cognitive deficits and NPS, including the ability to modulate other neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, dopamine) and to promote synaptic plasticity, in addition to the associations with AD pathology. Nicotinic receptor modulators (α4β2 and α7 receptor subtypes), many of which are in preclinical development, have been referred to as “multifunctional agents” that may have clinical benefit for both cognitive deficits and NPS. 4
