Effects of varying levels of anxiety within social situations: relationship to memory perspective and attributions in social phobia
Effects of varying levels of anxiety within social situations: relationship to memory perspective and attributions in social phobia
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DOI：
10.1016/s0005-7967(00)00035-8
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发表时间：
2001-06-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Fresco, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coles, ME;Turk, GL;Fresco, DM
认知行为理论家（Clark &威尔斯，1995年）。克拉克，D. M. &威尔斯，A.（1995年）。社交恐惧症的认知模型。in R. G. Heimberg，M，R. Liebowitz，D. a. Hope，& F. R. Schneier（Eds.），社交恐惧症：诊断，评估。治疗（pp. 69 - 93）。纽约：吉尔福德出版社; Rapee & Heimberg，1997：Rapee，R. M.，& Heimberg，R. G.（1997年）。社交恐惧症中焦虑的认知行为模型。Behaviour Research and Therapy，35，741 - 756.）提出社交恐惧症患者会形成自己的心理图像，就好像是从外部的角度来看一样。威尔斯及其同事的研究表明，当回忆起引发焦虑的社会情境时，社交恐惧症患者更有可能采取观察者的视角（仿佛从外部的角度看待自己），而对照组受试者更有可能采取现场视角（仿佛通过自己的眼睛向外看）。此外，这种模式是特定于社会事件的，因为两个群体都从场的角度回忆非社会事件（参见威尔斯，克拉克和艾哈迈德，1998：威尔斯，A.，克拉克，D. M.，& Ahmad，S.（1998年）。我如何用我的心灵之眼看：社交恐惧症意象中的观点采择。行为研究和治疗，36，631 - 634;威尔斯和Papageorigou，1999：威尔斯，A. & Papageorgiou，C.（1999年）。观察者视角：社交恐惧症、广场恐惧症和血液/伤害恐惧症中的偏见意象。Behaviour Research ann Therapy，37，653 - 658）。在目前的研究中，社交恐惧症患者在回忆高焦虑社交情境时，比非焦虑对照组更多地采取了观察者的视角。然而，这两组都采取了一个主要的领域的角度来看，中等或低焦虑的社会情况的记忆。由于记忆视角也被证明与因果归因有关，我们在样本中研究了这种关系。低，中，高焦虑的社会情况的记忆差异相关的归因为每组。随着情境焦虑水平的增加，患者对自己表现的归因变得更加内在、稳定和全局，而对照组的归因则表现出相反的模式。(C)2001爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Cognitive-behavioral theorists (Clark & Wells, 1995. Clark, D. M. & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M, R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment. and treatment (pp. 69-93). New York: Guilford Press; Rapee & Heimberg, 1997: Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 741-756.) propose that individuals with social phobia form mental images of themselves as if from an external point of view. Research by Wells and colleagues has shown that, when recalling anxiety-provoking social situations, individuals with social phobia are more likely to take an observer perspective (seeing oneself as if from an external point of view) whereas control subjects are more likely to take a field perspective las if looking out through one's own eyes). Furthermore, this pattern is specific to social events, as both groups recall non-social events from a field perspective (see Wells, Clark & Ahmad, 1998: Wells, A., Clark, D. M., & Ahmad, S. (1998). How do I look with my minds eye: perspective taking in social phobic imagery. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 631-634; Wells & Papageorigou, 1999: Wells, A. & Papageorgiou, C. (1999). The observer perspective: Biased imagery in social phobia, agoraphobia, and blood/injury phobia. Behaviour Research ann Therapy, 37, 653-658). In the current study, individuals with social phobia took more of an observer perspective than non-anxious controls when recalling high anxiety social situations. However, both groups took a predominantly field perspective for memories of medium or low anxiety social situations. As memory perspective has also been shown to be related to causal attributions, we examined this relationship in our sample. Memories of low, medium, and high anxiety social situations were differentially related to attributions for each group. Patients' attributions for their performance became more internal, stable, and global as the anxiety level of the situation increased, while the attributions of control subjects showed the opposite pattern. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.