Differences in the Performance of Children With Specific Language Impairment and Their Typically Developing Peers on Nonverbal Cognitive Tests: A Meta-Analysis
Differences in the Performance of Children With Specific Language Impairment and Their Typically Developing Peers on Nonverbal Cognitive Tests: A Meta-Analysis
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DOI：
10.1044/2014_jslhr-l-12-0363
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Spaulding, Tammie J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gallinat, Erica;Spaulding, Tammie J.
目的：本研究采用Meta分析方法，考察了特定语言障碍(SLI)儿童与其典型发育阶段(TD)同龄人在非言语认知测试成绩上的差异。方法：Meta分析包括1995-2012年间发表的年龄与TD年龄匹配(而非语言认知匹配)的SLI儿童，并进行常模参照的非语言认知测试，以及(B)为效应大小分析提供足够数据的研究。结果：在131项研究的138个样本中，SLI儿童在非语言认知测试中的平均得分比TD同龄人低0.69个标准差，在调整了所用测试的差异、下限分数、参与者的年龄、讨论：SLI儿童在非语言智商测试中的表现低于TD儿童，这对SLI的特征以及非语言认知测试在该障碍儿童中的使用和解释具有理论意义和政治意义。
Purpose: This study used meta-analysis to investigate the difference in nonverbal cognitive test performance of children with specific language impairment (SLI) and their typically developing (TD) peers.Method: The meta-analysis included studies (a) that were published between 1995 and 2012 of children with SLI who were age matched (and not nonverbal cognitive matched) to TD peers and given a norm-referenced nonverbal cognitive test and (b) that reported sufficient data for an effect size analysis. Multilevel modeling was used to examine the performance of children with SLI relative to their typically developing, age-matched peers on nonverbal IQ tests.Results: Across 138 samples from 131 studies, on average children with SLI scored 0.69 standard deviations below their TD peers on nonverbal cognitive tests after adjusting for the differences in the tests used, the low-boundary cutoff scores, the age of the participants, and whether studies matched the two groups on socioeconomic status.Discussion: The lower performance of children with SLI relative to TD children on nonverbal IQ tests has theoretical implications for the characterization of SLI and clinical and political implications regarding how nonverbal cognitive tests are used and interpreted for children with this disorder.