The importance of gender and conceptualization for understanding the association between collective social capital and health: A multilevel analysis from northern Sweden
The importance of gender and conceptualization for understanding the association between collective social capital and health: A multilevel analysis from northern Sweden
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.05.013
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Emmelin, Maria
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eriksson, Malin;Ng, Nawi;Emmelin, Maria
越来越多的研究对社会资本和健康的推动辩论是否有一个地方效应对健康。一个核心问题是，不同地方之间的健康不平等是由于生活在这些地方的人的组成差异（组成效应）还是由于当地社会和物理环境的差异（背景效应）。尽管多层次的方法，允许控制集体社会资本的影响是否混淆了在个人层面上获得社会资本的广泛使用，图片仍然不清楚。最近的研究表明，对健康的背景影响可能因不同的人口亚群而异，因此，衡量对整个人口健康的“平均”背景影响可能是不适当的。在这项来自瑞典北方的研究中，我们分别调查了男性和女性的集体社会资本和自测健康之间的关联，以了解集体社会资本对健康的影响是否具有性别差异。采用了两种集体社会资本的衡量标准：一种是传统的衡量标准（信任、参与和投票的综合衡量标准），另一种是与具体地点有关的（邻里）衡量标准。结果表明，集体社会资本和女性的自我评价健康之间存在正相关，但男性则不然。无论采用何种衡量标准，与生活在社会资本非常低的社区的妇女相比，生活在社会资本非常高的社区的妇女更有可能将其健康评为良好。因此，集体社会资本对健康的影响可能对妇女有利。然而，男女更平等地参与家庭事务可能会使男子在这方面受益。在控制个人一级的社会经济、社会人口和社会资本属性时，妇女健康与集体社会资本之间的关系在使用邻里相关措施时仍然具有统计意义，但在使用常规措施时则不具有统计意义。我们的研究结果支持这样的观点，即邻里相关的措施提供了一个更清晰的画面集体社会资本的健康影响，至少对妇女。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Growing research on social capital and health has fuelled the debate on whether there is a place effect on health. A central question is whether health inequality between places is due to differences in the composition of people living in these places (compositional effect) or differences in the local social and physical environments (contextual effects). Despite extensive use of multilevel approaches that allows controlling for whether the effects of collective social capital are confounded by access to social capital at the individual level, the picture remains unclear. Recent studies indicate that contextual effects on health may vary for different population subgroups and measuring "average" contextual effects on health for a whole population might therefore be inappropriate. In this study from northern Sweden, we investigated the associations between collective social capital and self-rated health for men and women separately, to understand if health effects of collective social capital are gendered. Two measures of collective social capital were used: one conventional measure (aggregated measures of trust, participation and voting) and one specific place-related (neighbourhood) measure. The results show a positive association between collective social capital and self-rated health for women but not for men. Regardless of the measure used, women who live in very high social capital neighbourhoods are more likely to rate their health as good fair, compared to women who live in very low social capital neighbourhoods. The health effects of collective social capital might thus be gendered in favour for women. However, a more equal involvement of men and women in the domestic sphere would potentially benefit men in this matter. When controlling for socioeconomic, sociodemographic and social capital attributes at the individual level, the relationship between women's health and collective social capital remained statistically significant when using the neighbourhood-related measure but not when using the conventional measure. Our results support the view that a neighbourhood-related measure provides a clearer picture of the health effects of collective social capital, at least for women. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.