Tuberculosis epidemiology, diagnosis and infection control recommendations for dental settings An update on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines
Tuberculosis epidemiology, diagnosis and infection control recommendations for dental settings An update on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines
复制标题
DOI：
10.14219/jada.archive.2009.0335
复制
发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Panlilio, Adelisa L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleveland, Jennifer L.;Robison, Valerie A.;Panlilio, Adelisa L.
背景尽管近年来美国的结核病发病率有所下降，但美国和美国之间的结核病发病率仍然存在差异。出生和外国出生的人（居住在美国但出生在国外的人）以及白色人和非白色人之间。此外，自1994年疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）实施预防结核分枝杆菌传播的指导方针以来，卫生保健人员和患者中结核病爆发的数量有所减少。在这篇文章中，作者提供了最新的结核病流行病学，结核病诊断方法的进展和牙科设置的结核病感染控制指南。2008年，美国所有报告的结核病病例中有83%发生在非白色人群中，17%发生在白色人群中。外国出生的人的结核病发病率比美国人高出10倍。天生的人。新的血液检测M。结核病已被开发用于诊断结核病感染和疾病。与1994年CDC指南相比，纳入CDC“2005年卫生保健环境中预防结核分枝杆菌传播指南”的变化包括修订的风险分类、新的结核病诊断方法、各种环境中结核菌素皮肤试验频率的降低以及术语的变化。临床意义。虽然结核感染控制的原则保持不变，但结核流行病学的变化和结核新诊断方法的出现导致了2005年对1994年指南的更新。牙科保健人员应了解与牙科设置有关的修改，并将其纳入其整体感染控制计划。
Background. Although rates of tuberculosis (TB) in the United States have decreased in recent years, disparities in TB incidence still exist between U.S.-born and foreign-born people (people living in the United States but born outside it) and between white people and nonwhite people. In addition, the number of TB outbreaks among health care personnel and patients has decreased since the implementation of the 1994 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines to prevent transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this article, the authors provide updates on the epidemiology of TB, advances in TB diagnostic methods and TB infection control guidelines for dental settings.Results. In 2008, 83 percent of all reported TB cases in the United States occurred in nonwhite people and 17 percent occurred in white people. Foreign-born people had a TB rate about 10 times higher than that of U.S.-born people. New blood assays for M. tuberculosis have been developed to diagnose TB infection and disease. Changes from the 1994 CDC guidelines incorporated into CDC's "Guidelines for Preventing the Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health-Care Settings, 2005" include revised risk classifications, new TB diagnostic methods, decreased frequencies of tuberculin skin testing in various settings and changes in terminology. Clinical Implications. Although the principles of TB infection control have remained the same, the changing epidemiology of TB and the advent of new diagnostic methods for TB led to the development of the 2005 update to the 1994 guidelines. Dental health care personnel should be aware of the modifications that are pertinent to dental settings and incorporate them into their overall infection control programs.