Ecological regulation of reservoirs on the Yellow River mainstream oriented to ecological flow restoration
Ecological regulation of reservoirs on the Yellow River mainstream oriented to ecological flow restoration
复制标题
以生态流量恢复为导向的黄河干流水库生态调控
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xin, Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhang, Hongbo;Wang, Yimin;Jiang, Xiaohui;Xin, Chen
生态目标难以量化是水库生态调控领域的一个普遍调度问题，河流宏观调控的微观生态要求往往难以满足。本文采用流量恢复方法，得到恢复河流生态水文系统健康所需的径流过程，并利用该方法建立了黄河干流梯级水库综合调度模型。通过对黄河生态断面流量的控制，建立了黄河干流梯级水库综合调度模型。通过对黄河生态段流量的控制，建立了黄河干流梯级水库综合调度模型。应用该模型得到了当前条件下不同生态要求下的水量分配方案。计算表明，生态流量控制大大提高了黄河下游供水的设计概率，而对水分胁迫指数、发电量和生态破坏率的影响较小。但在未来2020年，生态流量控制只会使水分胁迫指数和生态破坏率有所增加，而对供水和发电量几乎没有改善。因此，目前黄河流域各指标对水库生态调节的响应并不显著。而2020年后，生态调节将在流域生态保护中发挥重要作用，而在梯级水库发电中几乎不起作用。未来，生态调节可能成为缓解生态破坏率上升压力的关键技术和保护生态系统的可能措施。然而，要满足黄河干流的生态用水需求，除非从其他流域取水，否则仍面临更大的困难。
The difficulty in quantifying the ecological target is a general scheduling problem in the field of reservoir ecological regulation,and the micro-ecological requirements for the macro-control of river are often hard to satisfy.In the paper,a flow restoration method is adopted to obtain the flow process that is needed for the restoration of river eco-hydrological system health,and by this method a model is developed for the integrated scheduling of cascade reservoirs on the Yellow River mainstream.Through controlling the flows at the Yellow River eco-sections,water allocation schemes under different ecological requirements in the present conditions are obtained by applying this model.The calculations show that the eco-flow control greatly increases the design probability of water supply in the lower reaches of Yellow River,while causing small changes in water stress index,power generation and ecological damage rate.In the future 2020,however,the eco-flow control only brings about some increases in water stress index and ecological damage rate,but nearly no improvement on water supply or power generation.Thus,we conclude that the indicators′ responses to reservoir ecological regulation in the Yellow River basin was not significant at present,while after 2020 the regulation will play an important role in the ecological protection to this basin and nearly no role in the power generation of cascade reservoirs.In the future,ecological regulation may become a crucial technique in relieving the pressure of increasing ecological damage rate and a possible measure for protecting the ecosystems.To meet the ecological water demand along the Yellow River mainstream,however,greater difficulties remain,unless drawing water resources from other river basins.