Mechanism of stimulated Hawking radiation in a laboratory Bose-Einstein condensate
Mechanism of stimulated Hawking radiation in a laboratory Bose-Einstein condensate
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.96.023616
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Yi-Hsieh Wang;T. Jacobson;M. Edwards;C. Clark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yi-Hsieh Wang;T. Jacobson;M. Edwards;C. Clark
我们在准一维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中模拟了一个声速黑洞，使用了一个Gross-Pitaevskii方程，该方程与Steinhauer最近的实验相匹配[Nat. Phys. 10,864(2014)]。该模型与实验观测的重要特征很好地吻合，证明了它们的水动力性质。我们发现在内（白洞）视界处产生了一个零频率弓形波，它与背景凝聚密度的平方成比例增长。黑洞和白洞视界的相对运动在黑洞处产生弓形波的多普勒频移，在那里它刺激了单色霍金辐射的发射。利用凝析液的时间和空间窗口傅里叶谱证实了这一机理。因此，与实验中相似的平均场行为可以在不存在自放大霍金辐射的情况下得到充分解释。
We model a sonic black hole analog in a quasi one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate, using a Gross-Pitaevskii equation matching the configuration of a recent experiment by Steinhauer [Nat. Phys. 10, 864 (2014)]. The model agrees well with important features of the experimental observations, demonstrating their hydrodynamic nature. We find that a zero-frequency bow wave is generated at the inner (white hole) horizon, which grows in proportion to the square of the background condensate density. The relative motion of the black and white hole horizons produces a Doppler shift of the bow wave at the black hole, where it stimulates the emission of monochromatic Hawking radiation. The mechanism is confirmed using temporal and spatial windowed Fourier spectra of the condensate. Mean field behavior similar to that in the experiment can thus be fully explained without the presence of self-amplifying Hawking radiation.