War and city-making in Somalia: Property, power and disposable lives

War and city-making in Somalia: Property, power and disposable lives
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索马里的战争和城市建设:财产、权力和可支配的生活

DOI:
10.1016/j.polgeo.2019.05.009
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
4.1
通讯作者:
Bakonyi J
Bakonyi J
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bakonyi J

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与许多其他饱受战争蹂躏的国家一样,索马里的快速城市化是由流离失所者的移民推动的,这些人往往聚集在营地里。虽然这些营地成为制度化的排斥场所,在那里产生和处理“裸露的生活”,但它们也具有社会混乱和不断演变的空间,权力,暴力和流离失所关系的特点。这篇文章借鉴了索马里城市流离失所者的实地调查,分析了他们对财产的要求和(往往是暴力的)竞争,以维护他们的主权。比较两个城市,莫加迪舒和博萨索,我们展示了广泛的国际和地方行为体,包括流离失所者自己,谈判(城市)财产和建立关系,指导和促进政治权威,同时使流离失所者的生活和生计不稳定和不安全。在财产中,政治和经济相互交织,财产关系因此受到权力和利润的争夺。我们强调主权权力如何产生模糊的空间,但强调财产作为一个分析范畴有助于理解主权。此外,作为社会实践的财产化使人们注意到主权的出现以及与市场的联系。这使得主权形式得以区分,并提请注意主权是如何谈判、公开挑战或默默破坏的。
Rapid urbanisation in Somalia, as in many other war-torn countries, is driven by in-migration of displaced people who are often amassed in camps. Although such camps become institutionalised sites of exclusion where ‘bare life’ is generated and disposed, they are also characterised by socially messy and continuously evolving relations of space, power, violence and displacement. The article draws on fieldwork with displaced people in Somali cities to analyse claims to property and (often violent) competition to uphold them in contestation for sovereignty. Comparing two cities, Mogadishu and Bosaaso, we show how a broad range of international and local actors, including displaced people themselves, negotiate (urban) property and establish relations that guide and foster political authority, while rendering the lives and livelihoods of displaced people precarious and insecure. In property, politics and the economy intersect, and property relations are therefore subject to struggles for both power and profit. We underscore how sovereign power produces spaces of indistinction, but emphasise that property as an analytical category contributes to understandings of sovereignty. Furthermore, propertying as social practice draws attention to the way sovereignty emerges and is connected to the market. This enables the differentiations of forms of sovereignty and draws attention to how it is negotiated, openly challenged or silently undermined.
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