Exploring Indigenous Understandings of River Dynamics and River Flows: A Case from New Zealand
Exploring Indigenous Understandings of River Dynamics and River Flows: A Case from New Zealand
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探索土著人对河流动力学和河流流量的理解：新西兰的案例
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Tipa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Tipa
土著社区对淡水的使用和开发特别敏感，因为他们对水持有不同的观点，这反映了他们的身份以及管理部落水域的保管义务。在新西兰，毛利人（土著人民）世世代代都对部落领土内水道的不断改造表示担忧。直到大约十九世纪中叶，水质一直是人类操纵河流和溪流的首要问题。随后出现了一系列新问题，人们越来越关注河流流量的减少。在为解决这些问题而开发的许多技术中，许多技术严重依赖专业知识和客观的科学哲学，而这些技术往往无法认识到文化价值观，也无法从文化知识中受益。本文介绍了毛利社区内掌握的溪流和河流知识的例子，如果能够确定如何传播和整合文化知识和实践以及科学方法，这些知识将有利于当代资源管理。
Indigenous communities are particularly sensitive to the use and development of freshwaters, as they hold distinct perspectives on water which reflect their identity, and their custodial obligations to manage tribal waters. Within New Zealand, Maori (the indigenous people) have, for generations, voiced their concerns about the continual modification of waterways within their tribal territories. Until about the mid-nineteenth century, water quality was at the forefront of issues concerning human manipulation of rivers and streams. A range of new issues then arose that were increasingly concerned with reduced river flows. Of the many techniques developed to address these issues, many rely heavily on professional expertise and objective, scientific philosophies, which often fail to recognize cultural values, and benefit from cultural knowledge. This essay presents examples of the knowledge of streams and rivers held within Maori communities that could benefit contemporary resource management if it can be determined how cultural knowledge and practices and scientific approaches can be communicated and integrated.