Food odor perception promotes systemic lipid utilization
Food odor perception promotes systemic lipid utilization
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DOI：
10.1038/s42255-022-00673-y
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
20.8
通讯作者：
H. Tsuneki;Masanori Sugiyama;Toshihiro Ito;Kiyofumi Sato;Hiroki Matsuda;Kengo Onishi;Koharu Yubune-Koharu-Yub
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Tsuneki;Masanori Sugiyama;Toshihiro Ito;Kiyofumi Sato;Hiroki Matsuda;Kengo Onishi;Koharu Yubune-Koharu-Yub
禁食期间的食物线索引起巴甫洛夫条件反射，以适应预期的食物摄入。然而，嗅觉系统是否参与代谢适应仍然是难以捉摸的。在这里，我们表明，食物气味感知促进雄性小鼠的脂质代谢。在禁食期间，食物气味刺激足以通过脂肪组织脂解以嗅觉记忆依赖的方式增加血清游离脂肪酸，这是由中枢黑皮质素和交感神经系统介导的。此外，在再喂食之前用食物气味刺激导致增强的全身脂质利用，这与中枢刺豚鼠相关肽系统的敏感性增加、交感神经活性降低和外周组织特异性代谢改变（例如胃肠道脂质吸收和肝胆固醇周转增加）相关。最后，我们表明，间歇性禁食加上食物气味刺激改善血糖控制，并防止饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠的胰岛素抵抗。因此，需要嗅觉调节来维持能量不足或能量过剩的环境中的代谢稳态，这可以被认为是针对代谢紊乱的饮食干预的一部分。
Food cues during fasting elicit Pavlovian conditioning to adapt for anticipated food intake. However, whether the olfactory system is involved in metabolic adaptations remains elusive. Here we show that food-odor perception promotes lipid metabolism in male mice. During fasting, food-odor stimulation is sufficient to increase serum free fatty acids via adipose tissue lipolysis in an olfactory-memory-dependent manner, which is mediated by the central melanocortin and sympathetic nervous systems. Additionally, stimulation with a food odor prior to refeeding leads to enhanced whole-body lipid utilization, which is associated with increased sensitivity of the central agouti-related peptide system, reduced sympathetic activity and peripheral tissue-specific metabolic alterations, such as an increase in gastrointestinal lipid absorption and hepatic cholesterol turnover. Finally, we show that intermittent fasting coupled with food-odor stimulation improves glycemic control and prevents insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. Thus, olfactory regulation is required for maintaining metabolic homeostasis in environments with either an energy deficit or energy surplus, which could be considered as part of dietary interventions against metabolic disorders.