Multiple resistance of Plasmopara viticola to QoI and CAA fungicides in Brazil
Multiple resistance of Plasmopara viticola to QoI and CAA fungicides in Brazil
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巴西葡萄单轴霉对 QoI 和 CAA 杀菌剂的多重抗性
DOI：
10.1111/ppa.13254
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Santos R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santos R
葡萄霜霉病是由葡萄霜霉病菌引起的一种常见的葡萄霜霉病，通常由苯二酚外源抑制剂(QOI)和羧酸酰胺(CAA)类杀菌剂防治。QOI抗性是由细胞色素B的G143A突变引起的，而CAA抗性与纤维素合成酶3的G1105S突变有关。本研究的目的是(A)验证巴西葡萄疫霉对QOI和CAA抗性的存在，(B)建立用于定量检测G143A的单核苷酸多态(SNP)检测焦磷酸测序方法，以及(C)确定G143A和G1105S在巴西田间种群中的地理分布。它们的生长不受嘧菌酯和甘草胺的影响，耐药性分别与G143A和G1105S突变有关。建立的用于G143A检测的SNP检测焦磷酸测序方法准确、准确。焦磷酸测序分析表明，G143A和G1105S的频率在66个田间群体中不同，并且分别与QOI和CAA的应用数量呈正相关。在60个人群中观察到G143A突变，其中39个突变的频率超过90%。在20个人群中检测到G1105S，频率从18.3%到100%不等，并携带G143A突变。在南美洲首次证实了青霉对QOI和CAA的多重抗性。必须采取未来的耐药性监测调查和管理战略，以防止巴西QOI和CAA耐药性的进一步增加。
Grapevine downy mildew, caused byPlasmopara viticola, is commonly controlled by quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) and carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicides. QoI resistance is conferred by a mutation resulting in a G143A alteration in cytochromeb, while CAA resistance is associated with a G1105S mutation in cellulose synthase 3. The aims of this study were to (a) verify the presence of QoI and CAA resistance inP.viticolain Brazil, (b) develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection pyrosequencing assay for quantitative detection of G143A, and (c) determine the geographic prevalence and distribution of G143A and G1105S in Brazilian field populations.P.viticolaisolates were sampled from two vineyards reporting failures of QoI and CAA control. Their growth was unaffected by azoxystrobin and mandipropamid, and resistance was associated with the G143A and G1105S mutations, respectively. The SNP detection pyrosequencing assay developed for G143A detection was precise and accurate. Pyrosequencing assays revealed that G143A and G1105S frequencies varied among the 66 field populations and were positively correlated with the number of QoI and CAA applications, respectively. The G143A mutation was observed in 60 populations, 39 of them with frequencies over 90%. G1105S was detected in 20 populations with frequencies ranging from 18.3% to 100%, and which also carried the G143A mutation. Multiple resistance to QoI and CAA inP.viticolawas confirmed for the first time in South America. Future resistance monitoring surveys and management strategies must be adopted to prevent further increase in QoI and CAA resistance in Brazil.