Economic evaluation of Hereford cattle breeding schemes incorporating direct and indirect measures of feed intake
Economic evaluation of Hereford cattle breeding schemes incorporating direct and indirect measures of feed intake
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结合直接和间接采食量测量的赫里福德牛育种计划的经济评估
DOI：
10.1071/ar03025
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
H. Graser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kahi;S. Barwick;H. Graser
采用确定性方法评估了将采食量的直接和间接测量作为赫里福德牛育种方案中的额外选择标准的效果。假设了一个由核心和商业部门组成的两层核心育种计划。考虑了澳大利亚赫里福德牛特有的四个育种目标。这些涉及针对4个市场的生产系统（国内超市、“赫里福德Prime”、短饲出口和长饲出口）。育种目标不同，特别是在饲料成本涉及不同数量的粮食整理和大理石花纹的程度是由市场价值（从零到相当多）。评估的育种方案在可用作选择标准的措施方面有所不同。这些方案的范围从利用澳大利亚牛育种者目前可用的生长、扫描胴体和生育力标准的方案（方案1）到还纳入了残余采食量（RFI）和血清胰岛素样生长因子I（IGF-1）标准的方案（方案5）。后一种方案包括使用2阶段选择过程选择用于核心的公畜，在断奶后选择一定比例的公牛用于测量RFI。利用IGF-1或RFI或两者作为标准的计划为每个育种目标产生了额外的遗传增益和盈利能力。利润是最佳的所有赫里福德牛育种目标时，前5%的公牛被选定的指数纳入IGF-1和其他信息的公牛和它的亲属在年轻的时候测量RFI。在第二选择阶段考虑RFI测量的公牛比例的进一步增加导致在人口中的每头奶牛的利润缓慢下降，并在遗传增益平坦的反应。在没有更多的品种特定的信息，这些结果也可能有应用在品种以外的赫里福德。
A deterministic approach was used to evaluate the effect of incorporating direct and indirect measures of feed intake as additional selection criteria in breeding schemes for Hereford cattle. A 2-tier nucleus breeding scheme consisting of a nucleus and a commercial sector was assumed. Four breeding objectives specific to Australian Hereford cattle were considered. These addressed production systems that targetted 4 markets (Domestic Supermarket, 'Hereford Prime', Short-fed Export, and Long-fed Export). The breeding objectives differed especially in the feed cost involved for differing amounts of grain finishing and in the extent to which marbling is valued by the market (from none to quite a lot). The breeding schemes evaluated differed in the measures available for use as selection criteria. The schemes ranged from one that utilised growth, scanned carcass and fertility criteria currently available to Australian cattle breeders (Scheme 1) to one which also incorporated residual feed intake (RFI) and blood serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) criteria (Scheme 5). The latter scheme included selection of sires for the nucleus using a 2-stage selection process, with a proportion of bulls selected after weaning for measurement of RFI. Schemes utilising either IGF-1 or RFI or both as criteria generated additional genetic gain and profitability for each breeding objective. Profit was optimal across all the Hereford cattle breeding objectives when the top 5% of bulls was measured for RFI after being selected on an index incorporating IGF-1 and other information available on the bull and its relatives at a young age. Further increase in the proportion of bulls measured for RFI for consideration in the second selection stage resulted in a slow decline in profit per cow in the population and a flat response in genetic gain. In the absence of more breed-specific information, these results may also have application in breeds other than Herefords.