An Ape's View of the Oldowan
An Ape's View of the Oldowan
复制标题
DOI：
10.2307/2802697
复制
发表时间：
1989-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
T. Wynn;W. McGrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Wynn;W. McGrew
在人类进化过程中，我们的祖先何时不再表现得像猿类？在这篇文章中，我们根据灵长类动物学家对现代猿类，特别是黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes）的了解，解释了已知最早的考古证据，即奥尔多旺考古证据，来解决这个问题。我们的分析考虑了奥尔多旺工具和工具制造的各个方面，以及可以从手工艺品重建的奥尔多旺生存的各个方面。我们的结论是，可以从奥尔杜旺工具和站点推断出的所有行为都属于猿类适应等级的范围。这个已知最古老的考古证据并不完全像人类。然而，奥尔杜旺人确实包括两种特定的行为模式，虽然仍处于猿类适应等级之内，但对于现代猿类来说几乎是未知的，这指向了后来在原始人类进化中发现的适应方向。它们携带工具或食物行驶数千米，与大型食肉动物争夺动物猎物。
When in human evolution did our ancestors cease behaving like apes? In this article we address this question by interpreting the earliest known archaeological evidence, the Oldowan, in light of what primatologists know about modem apes, especially the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). Our analyses consider aspects of Oldowan tools and tool-making and those aspects of Oldowan subsistence that can be reconstructed from artefacts. We conclude that all the behaviour that can be inferred from Oldowan tools and sites falls within the range of the ape adaptive grade. There is nothing exclusively human-like about this oldest known archaeological evidence. However, the Oldowan did include two specific behavioural patterns that, while still within the ape adaptive grade, are almost unknown for modern apes and which point in the direction of adaptations found later in hominid evolution. These are carrying tools or food for thousands of metres and competing with large carmvores for animal prey.