Non-Blind Structure-Preserving Substitution Watermarking of H.264/CAVLC Inter-Frames
Non-Blind Structure-Preserving Substitution Watermarking of H.264/CAVLC Inter-Frames
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DOI：
10.1109/tmm.2014.2310595
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Thomas Stütz;F. Autrusseau;A. Uhl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thomas Stütz;F. Autrusseau;A. Uhl
在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新颖的非盲H.264/CAVLC结构保持替换水印算法。所提出的水印算法通过简单的比特替换（替换水印）实现了极其高效的水印嵌入。比特替换改变了非参考帧的运动矢量差。此外，我们的水印算法可应用于要求水印保持比特流单元长度的应用场景（结构保持水印）。水印检测在图像域中进行，因此对视频格式变化具有鲁棒性。对该方法的质量和鲁棒性进行了深入评估和分析，质量评估得到了主观评估的支持。与现有技术的比较表明我们的水印算法具有优越的性能。
In this work we propose a novel non-blind H.264/CAVLC structure-preserving substitution watermarking algorithm. The proposed watermarking algorithm enables extremely efficient watermark embedding by simple bit substitutions (substitution watermarking). The bit-substitutions change the motion vector differences of non-reference frames. Furthermore our watermarking algorithm can be applied in applications scenarios which require that watermarking preserves the length of the bitstream units (structure-preserving watermarking). The watermark detection works in the image domain and thus is robust to video format changes. The quality and robustness of the approach are in depth evaluated and analyzed, the quality evaluation is backed up by subjective evaluations. Comparison to the state-of-the-art indicates a superior performance of our watermarking algorithm.