The Composition and Function of Pigeon Milk Microbiota Transmitted From Parent Pigeons to Squabs
The Composition and Function of Pigeon Milk Microbiota Transmitted From Parent Pigeons to Squabs
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2020.01789
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发表时间：
2020-08-04
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Meng, He
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ding, Jinmei;Liao, Nan;Meng, He
哺乳动物新生儿从母乳中获得抗体、营养物质和微生物群，帮助他们抵御复杂的生长环境。与哺乳动物为其后代哺乳的行为类似，鸽子父母从他们的作物中反刍鸽子奶（PM）来喂养雏鸽。鸽奶是否和哺乳动物奶一样有价值尚不清楚，尤其是在微生物群方面。本研究采用16S rRNA基因测序法对鸽奶中的微生物组成及功能进行了研究。我们在鸽奶中发现了丰富的微生物群。鸽乳中的优势菌属为乳酸菌属、肠球菌属、细络菌属和双歧杆菌属。对乳鸽乳（SM）的分析表明，乳酸菌也占相当大的比例，其次是双歧杆菌。大部分乳鸽乳微生物属也在亲本鸽中检出。微生物功能分析表明，乳鸽乳微生物更多参与碳水化合物代谢、氨基酸代谢和能量代谢途径。这些发现表明，微生物群在乳鸽中起着重要作用，可以通过乳鸽奶从亲代鸽传播给乳鸽。乳鸽体内大量益生菌的存在也提示在人造鸽奶中添加益生菌可促进乳鸽生长发育，提高鸽子生产性能。
Mammalian neonates obtain antibodies, nutrients, and microbiota from breast milk that help them resist the complex growth environment. Similar to mammals' lactation behavior for their offspring, parent pigeons regurgitate pigeon milk (PM) from their crops to feed the squabs. Whether pigeon milk is as valuable as mammalian milk is not clear, especially in terms of microbiota. This study adopted 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate the microbial composition and function in pigeon milk. We found abundant microbiota in pigeon milk. The dominant genera in parent pigeons' milk wereLactobacillus,Enterococcus,Veillonella, andBifidobacterium. An analysis of squab milk (SM) showed thatLactobacillusalso accounted for a considerable proportion, followed byBifidobacterium. Most of the squab milk microbial genera were also detected in parent pigeons. Microbial functional analysis showed that the squab milk microbes were more involved in the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. These findings indicated that microbiota play an important role in squabs and can be transmitted from parent pigeons to squabs by pigeon milk. The presence of plentiful probiotics in squabs also suggests that adding probiotics in artificial pigeon milk may promote the growth and development of squabs and improve the production performance of pigeons.