Climatic stability recorded in speleothems may contribute to higher biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region

Climatic stability recorded in speleothems may contribute to higher biodiversity in the Cape Floristic Region
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洞穴中记录的气候稳定性可能有助于提高弗洛斯特角地区的生物多样性

DOI:
10.1111/jbi.14592
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Marean, Curtis W.
Marean, Curtis W.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Braun, Kerstin;Cowling, Richard M.;Bar‐Matthews, Miryam;Matthews, Alan;Ayalon, Avner;Zilberman, Tami;Difford, Mark;Edwards, R. Lawrence;Li, Xianglei;Marean, Curtis W.

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目的多样性的地理和起源仍然是生态学和进化论中一个持久的话题。地中海气候生态系统(MCE)在冬季降雨气候下具有很高的植物多样性,这对流行的假设提出了挑战,即高水可用性和温度是高多样性进化所必需的。我们使用洞穴植物氧 (δ18O) 和碳 (δ13C) 同位素值作为开普植物区 (CFR) 和其他 MCE 过去气候变化的代理,测试环境稳定性作为区域规模植物多样性演化驱动因素的假设。位置非洲西南部、加利福尼亚州、地中海盆地。植物分类。方法我们提出来自洞穴的新洞穴植物 δ18O 和 δ13C 记录位于 CFR 西部的罗伯逊 (Robertson) 附近。分析中包含的稳定同位素样本涵盖 240 至 670 ka BP 之间的时间间隔,在 630-500 ka 和 360-310 ka 处有间断。这些稳定同位素记录的分散度被用来衡量气候变化。我们将我们的新分析与涵盖其他 MCE(加利福尼亚州和地中海盆地)以及 CFR 东部地区完整冰川和间冰期条件的洞穴记录进行了比较。本次比较中使用的所有地点的维管束植物生物多样性均低于西部 CFR。结果对 δ18O 和 δ13C 数据集离散度的分析表明,与 CFR 内外多样性较低的区域相比,高度多样化的西部 CFR 在多个冰期-间冰期循环中经历了气候稳定性。主要结论该结果支持了以下假设:与更新世生物群落稳定性相关的较低灭绝率可能解释了 CFR 相对于其他地区的较高多样性。 MCE。
AimThe geography and genesis of diversity remain an enduring topic in ecology and evolution. Mediterranean Climate Ecosystems (MCEs), with their high plant diversities in winter rainfall climates, pose a challenge to popular hypotheses evoking high water availability and temperature as necessary for the evolution of high diversity. We test the hypothesis of environmental stability as a driver for the evolution of regional‐scale floristic diversity using speleothem oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotopic values as proxies for past climatic variability in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) and other MCEs.Locationsouth‐western Africa, California, Mediterranean Basin.TaxonPlantae.MethodsWe present new speleothem δ18O and δ13C records from a cave near Robertson in the western CFR. Stable isotope samples included in the analyses cover the time intervals between 240 and 670 ka BP with hiatuses at 630–500 ka and 360–310 ka. The dispersion of these stable isotope records is used as a measure for climatic variability. We compare our new analyses to speleothem records that cover full glacial and interglacial conditions in other MCEs (California and the Mediterranean Basin) as well as in eastern regions of the CFR. All sites used in this comparison have lower vascular plant biodiversity than the western CFR.ResultsAnalyses of the dispersion of the δ18O and δ13C datasets suggest that the highly diverse western CFR experienced climatic stability across several glacial–interglacial cycles, compared with the less diverse regions within and outside of the CFR.Main ConclusionThis result provides support for the hypothesis that lower extinction rates associated with Pleistocene biome stability may explain the higher diversity in the CFR relative to other MCEs.
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