Influence of steam-flaked sorghum grain and supplemental fat on performance of dairy cows in early lactation.
Influence of steam-flaked sorghum grain and supplemental fat on performance of dairy cows in early lactation.
复制标题
蒸汽压片高粱籽粒和补充脂肪对泌乳早期奶牛生产性能的影响
DOI：
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(95)76774-1
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
R. Swingle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Simas;J. Huber;Z. Wu;K. Chen;S. Chan;C. B. Theurer;R. Swingle
研究了高粱籽粒加工和添加脂肪对泌乳量、乳成分和营养物质消化率的影响。36头荷斯坦奶牛在泌乳第5天分配91 d，分别饲喂：1)干滚高粱，不添加脂肪；2)干滚高粱加长链脂肪酸钙盐；3)蒸高粱片，不添加脂肪；4)蒸高粱片加长链脂肪酸钙盐。脂肪增加了饲粮中粗脂肪的含量，使粗脂肪占日干物质的比例从5.7提高到7.5%。蒸高粱比干高粱的产奶量提高了4.0 kg/d（12%）。由于DMI较低，脂肪倾向于降低产奶量，饲料效率提高15%。牛奶蛋白质减少。14%是添加脂肪的干滚高粱，但只有。1%的人选择蒸汽片饮食。用高粱片饲喂奶牛的乳蛋白产量高于用高粱卷饲喂奶牛。剥皮降低了乳脂率，但没有降低产量。添加脂肪降低了牛奶中的短链脂肪酸（C4 ~ C14），但增加了油酸。剥皮增加了C10、C12和C14，但降低了油酸。鳞片饲粮和脂肪饲粮对干物质、粗蛋白质、淀粉和粗脂肪的消化率较高。据报道，在饲喂添加脂肪的早期泌乳奶牛中，高粱的侧翼可防止乳蛋白的减少。
Effects of sorghum grain processing and fat supplementation on milk yield and composition and nutrient digestibilities were studied. Thirty-six Holstein cows were assigned at 5 d of lactation for 91 d to treatment: 1) dry-rolled sorghum, no added fat; 2) dry-rolled sorghum plus Ca salts of long-chain fatty acids; 3) steam-flaked sorghum, no added fat; and 4) steam-flaked sorghum plus Ca salts of long-chain fatty acids. Fat increased ether extract in diets from 5.7 to 7.5% of DM. Milk yield was 4.0 kg/d (12%) higher for cows fed steam-flaked than dry-rolled sorghum. Fat tended to decrease milk yield because of lower DMI, and feed efficiencies increased 15%. Milk protein decreased .14% on dry-rolled sorghum with added fat, but only .01% on the steam-flaked diet. Milk protein yield was higher for cows fed flaked than rolled sorghum. Flaking decreased milk fat percentage, but not yield. Added fat decreased shorter chain fatty acids in milk (C4 to C14), but oleic acid increased. Flaking increased C10, C12, and C14, but decreased oleic acid. Digestibilities for DM, CP, starch, and ether extract were higher for flaked and fat-supplemented diets. Flanking of sorghum prevented the milk protein decrease reported for early lactation cows fed added fat.