Argininosuccinate synthase: at the center of arginine metabolism.
Argininosuccinate synthase: at the center of arginine metabolism.
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Ricci J Haines;L. Pendleton;D. Eichler
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作者：
Ricci J Haines;L. Pendleton;D. Eichler
L-精氨酸是一种阳离子半必需氨基酸，其水平通常通过生物合成在细胞内控制在局部可用性水平。细胞L-精氨酸的这种时间和空间控制的重要性通过乙酰氨基琥珀酸合成酶（乙酰氨基琥珀酸合成酶）（EC 6.3.4.5）的组织特异性作用而得到强调，乙酰氨基琥珀酸合成酶是L-瓜氨酸转化为L-精氨酸的限速步骤。自其发现以来，尽管已经确定了涉及氨基琥珀酸合酶的替代途径，例如其在为肌酸和多胺生物合成提供精氨酸中的作用，但氨基琥珀酸合酶的功能几乎仅与肝脏尿素产生相关。然而，正是一氧化氮的发现有意义地扩展了我们对非肝性乙酰氨基琥珀酸合酶代谢重要性的理解。事实上，我们的知识的数量的组织，管理不同池的精氨酸的控制下，乙酰氨基琥珀酸合成酶已显着扩大。
The levels of L-arginine, a cationic, semi-essential amino acid, are often controlled within a cell at the level of local availability through biosynthesis. The importance of this temporal and spatial control of cellular L-arginine is highlighted by the tissue specific roles of argininosuccinate synthase (argininosuccinate synthetase) (EC 6.3.4.5), as the rate-limiting step in the conversion of L-citrulline to L-arginine. Since its discovery, the function of argininosuccinate synthase has been linked almost exclusively to hepatic urea production despite the fact that alternative pathways involving argininosuccinate synthase were defined, such as its role in providing arginine for creatine and for polyamine biosynthesis. However, it was the discovery of nitric oxide that meaningfully extended our understanding of the metabolic importance of non-hepatic argininosuccinate synthase. Indeed, our knowledge of the number of tissues that manage distinct pools of arginine under the control of argininosuccinate synthase has expanded significantly.