Expectancy of alcohol analgesia moderates perception of pain relief following acute alcohol intake.
Expectancy of alcohol analgesia moderates perception of pain relief following acute alcohol intake.
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酒精镇痛的预期会缓和急性饮酒后疼痛缓解的感觉。
DOI：
10.1037/pha0000664
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发表时间：
2024
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Boissoneault,Jeff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexander,Casey;Bush,NicholasJ;Neubert,JohnK;Robinson,Michael;Boissoneault,Jeff
尽管实验室研究表明酒精降低了疼痛强度，提高了疼痛阈值，但这些效应可能并不能完全解释人们对酒精摄入后疼痛缓解的看法。在这项研究中，我们测试了酒精止痛预期(EAA)作为口服酒精刺激后主观疼痛缓解的调节剂，在有和没有慢性口腔面部疼痛的个体中。社交饮酒者(N=48人；慢性疼痛19人；无疼痛对照组29人)完成了两个测试阶段：酒精摄入(BRAC：0.08g/dL)和安慰剂。使用EAA问卷和两个100 mm视觉模拟量表(VASS)评估酒精预期(AE)，以确定酒精可以缓解疼痛(AE VAS 1)或降低疼痛敏感性(AE VAS 2)的信念强度。参与者完成了定量感觉测试(QST)，包括对咬肌插入施加压力。收集痛阈值(Lbf；三次重复)和疼痛强度(4、5和6 lbf；每三次重复；100 mm VAS)。在每次刺激后，参与者对因饮用研究饮料而感觉到的疼痛缓解进行评级(0-100 VAS)。较高的EAA和AE VAS 1评级与酒精状况下更强烈的缓解相关，但与安慰剂无关。然而，与疼痛敏感度降低(AEVAS2)相关的预期与缓解无关。此外，疼痛阈值和强度的变化与感觉到的缓解没有明显的相关性。综上所述，研究结果表明，酒精缓解疼痛的预期是其负面强化作用的一个重要决定因素。未来的研究应该调查挑战这些预期，作为降低疼痛患者与酒精相关的风险的一种手段。
Although laboratory studies indicate alcohol reduces pain intensity and increases pain threshold, these effects likely do not completely explain perceived pain relief from alcohol intake. In this study, we tested expectancy of alcohol analgesia (EAA) as a moderator of subjective pain relief following oral alcohol challenge in individuals with and without chronic orofacial pain. Social drinkers (N= 48; 19 chronic pain; 29 pain-free controls) completed two testing sessions: alcohol administration (BrAC: 0.08 g/dL) and placebo. Alcohol expectancy (AE) was assessed using the EAA questionnaire and two 100-mm Visual Analogue Scales (VASs) regarding strength of belief that alcohol provides pain relief (AE VAS 1) or reduces pain sensitivity (AE VAS 2). Participants completed quantitative sensory testing (QST) involving application of pressure to the masseter insertion. Pain threshold (lbf; three repetitions) and pain intensity (4, 5, and 6 lbf; three repetitions each; 100-mm VAS) were collected. After each stimulus, participants rated perceived pain relief due to consumption of the study beverage (0–100 VAS). Higher EAA and AE VAS 1 ratings were associated with stronger perceived relief in the alcohol, but not placebo, condition. However, expectancy specifically related to reduction in pain sensitivity (AE VAS 2) was not associated with relief. Additionally, changes in pain threshold and intensity were not significantly correlated with perceived relief. Taken together, results suggest expectancy that alcohol provides pain relief is an important determinant of its negative reinforcing effects. Future studies should investigate challenging these expectancies as a means of reducing alcohol-related risk in people with pain.