Seismic Imaging of a Shale Landscape Under Compression Shows Limited Influence of Topography‐Induced Fracturing

Seismic Imaging of a Shale Landscape Under Compression Shows Limited Influence of Topography‐Induced Fracturing
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受压页岩景观的地震成像显示地形影响有限 - 诱发压裂

DOI:
10.1029/2021gl093372
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Forsythe, Brandon
Forsythe, Brandon
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ma, Lisa;Oakley, David;Nyblade, Andrew;Moon, Seulgi;Accardo, Natalie;Wang, Wei;Gu, Xin;Brubaker, Kristen;Mount, Gregory J.;Forsythe, Brandon

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我们利用地震折射成像技术对美国Valley and Ridge省页岩流域的纵波速度结构进行了成像。从显示强烈挤压应力的估计来看,我们预计未风化基岩的深度反映了丘陵-山谷-丘陵地形(“领结模式”),类似于北美山前地区结晶基岩的地震速度模式,也经历了压缩。先前的研究人员利用对皮埃蒙特地区的强压缩计算的破坏潜势,表明裂缝在山脚下比在山谷下面更深,从而解释了“领结”模式。然而,页岩分水岭的地震图像几乎没有显示出这种“领结”的证据。相反,它们与弱(而不是强)压缩一致。这种矛盾可以解释为:与结晶基岩相比,在确定页岩地震速度方面,渗透驱动的风化作用比压裂作用更重要,或者是由于岩性或结构导致的区域应力场局部扰动。
We used seismic refraction to image the P‐wave velocity structure of a shale watershed experiencing regional compression in the Valley and Ridge Province (USA). From estimates showing strong compressional stress, we expected the depth to unweathered bedrock to mirror the hill‐valley‐hill topography (“bowtie pattern”) by analogy to seismic velocity patterns in crystalline bedrock in the North American Piedmont that also experience compression. Previous researchers used failure potentials calculated for strong compression in the Piedmont to suggest fractures are open deeper under hills than valleys to explain the “bowtie” pattern. Seismic images of the shale watershed, however, show little evidence of such a “bowtie.” Instead, they are consistent with weak (not strong) compression. This contradiction could be explained by the greater importance of infiltration‐driven weathering than fracturing in determining seismic velocities in shale compared to crystalline bedrock, or to local perturbations of the regional stress field due to lithology or structures.
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