Expression of δ-toxin by Staphylococcus aureus mediates escape from phago-endosomes of human epithelial and endothelial cells in the presence of β-toxin
Expression of δ-toxin by Staphylococcus aureus mediates escape from phago-endosomes of human epithelial and endothelial cells in the presence of β-toxin
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-5822.2010.01538.x
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Fraunholz, Martin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giese, Bernd;Glowinski, Frithjof;Fraunholz, Martin J.
金黄色葡萄球菌能够通过其粘附素与哺乳动物细胞外蛋白的相互作用侵入非专职吞噬细胞，并最终驻留在酸化的吞噬内体中。一些葡萄球菌菌株已被证明随后从该隔室逃逸。吞噬体逃逸需要一个功能性的群体感应系统。然而，这种agr依赖性的性质以及参与破坏吞噬体膜的毒素是未知的。利用一种新的技术检测S.金黄色葡萄球菌，我们确定了参与吞噬体逃逸的葡萄球菌毒力因子。在这里，我们表明，协同活性的溶细胞肽，葡萄球菌δ-毒素和鞘磷脂酶β-毒素使吞噬体逃逸的葡萄球菌在人类上皮细胞以及内皮细胞。这个过程的agr依赖性可以直接解释为δ毒素的结构基因在agr效应RNAIII内的位置。
P>Staphylococcus aureus is able to invade non-professional phagocytes by interaction of staphylococcal adhesins with extracellular proteins of mammalian cells and eventually resides in acidified phago-endosomes. Some staphylococcal strains have been shown to subsequently escape from this compartment. A functional agr quorum-sensing system is needed for phagosomal escape. However, the nature of this agr dependency as well as the toxins involved in disruption of the phagosomal membrane are unknown. Using a novel technique to detect vesicular escape of S. aureus, we identified staphylococcal virulence factors involved in phagosomal escape. Here we show that a synergistic activity of the cytolytic peptide, staphylococcal delta-toxin and the sphingomyelinase beta-toxin enable the phagosomal escape of staphylococci in human epithelial as well as in endothelial cells. The agr dependency of this process can be directly explained by the location of the structural gene for delta-toxin within the agr effector RNAIII.