Changes in Depression and Stress after Release from a Tobacco-Free Prison in the United States.
Changes in Depression and Stress after Release from a Tobacco-Free Prison in the United States.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph13010114
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发表时间：
2016-01-12
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Clarke JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
van den Berg JJ;Roberts MB;Bock BC;Martin RA;Stein LA;Parker DR;McGovern AR;Shuford SH;Clarke JG
此前的研究发现，美国被监禁者的抑郁和压力水平很高。然而，人们对囚犯入狱后抑郁和压力水平的变化知之甚少。本研究的目的是检查在无烟设施中被监禁期间和之后抑郁和压力水平的变化。 208 名男性和女性囚犯在美国东北部一所监狱出狱前大约八周和出狱后三周完成了调查问卷，其中包括有效且可靠的抑郁和压力指标。尽管大多数囚犯出狱后病情有所改善，但在基线和三周随访期间，30.8% 的囚犯抑郁程度有所恶化。此外，29.8%的人在出狱后的压力水平比监禁期间更严重。虽然大多数囚犯报告监禁后抑郁和压力水平较低并不奇怪，但相当一部分人的症状有所增加，这表明对于某些囚犯来说，社区中的环境压力可能比监狱中更严重。需要进一步研究来解决监禁期间和监禁后的抑郁和压力水平，以便囚犯能够更健康地过渡到社区并防止重复监禁。
Prior research has found high levels of depression and stress among persons who are incarcerated in the United States (U.S.). However, little is known about changes in depression and stress levels among inmates post-incarceration. The aim of this study was to examine changes in levels of depression and stress during and after incarceration in a tobacco-free facility. Questionnaires that included valid and reliable measures of depression and stress were completed by 208 male and female inmates approximately eight weeks before and three weeks after release from a northeastern U.S. prison. Although most inmates improved after prison, 30.8% had a worsening in levels of depression between baseline and the three-week follow-up. In addition, 29.8% had a worsening in levels of stress after release than during incarceration. While it is not surprising that the majority of inmates reported lower levels of depression and stress post-incarceration, a sizable minority had an increase in symptoms, suggesting that environmental stressors may be worse in the community than in prison for some inmates. Further research is needed to address depression and stress levels during and after incarceration in order for inmates to have a healthier transition back into the community and to prevent repeat incarcerations.