Wing measurement variations in the five European horseshoe bat species (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)
Wing measurement variations in the five European horseshoe bat species (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)
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DOI：
10.1644/05-mamm-a-299r2.1
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Siemers, Bjoern M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dietz, Christian;Dietz, Isabel;Siemers, Bjoern M.
翅膀形态对蝙蝠的飞行性能和觅食生态至关重要。基于3081个成年个体的数据，我们描述了5种欧洲蹄蝠（Rhinolophus属）的5个翅膀参数的变化。这5个物种都属于一个生态行会。在欧洲东南部（保加利亚、希腊和土耳其）的野外对活蝙蝠进行了测量，所有5种蝙蝠都以同栖方式出现。对我们数据的检查表明，这两个物种及其翅膀的大小有很大的不同。尽管外形非常相似，但我们还发现翅膀形状上存在一些与尺寸无关的差异。例如，最小的物种，犀牛角，以及较小程度上的白犀牛，都有极短的前肢翅膀，这使得它们能够在靠近植被的地方进行高度机动的搜索飞行。最大的物种R. ferrumeguinum和第二大物种R. mehelyi有相当长的手翅，允许快速和经济的长途通勤飞行。我们认为大小和形状都可能在物种间的生态位分离中发挥作用。我们发现了物种内部的性别和地理差异。大多数参数存在性别二态性，雌性大于雄性。东南欧各居群的翅长有显著差异。而铁耳和芡实则不是这样。我们给出了一个仅基于2个参数的判别函数，正确地将3,081个个体中的98%分配给了物种。这一功能可能对博物馆标本的鉴定有用。
Wing morphology is crucial for flight performance and foraging ecology in bats. We describe variations in 5 wing parameters within the 5 species of European horseshoe bats (genus Rhinolophus) based on data taken from 3,081 adult individuals. All 5 species belong to a single ecological guild. Measurements were taken from live bats in the field in southeastern Europe (Bulgaria, Greece, and Turkey), where all 5 species occur in sympatry. Examination of our data shows that the species and accordingly their wings differ substantially in size. Albeit grossly similar in form, we additionally found several size-independent differences in wing shape. For example, the smallest species, Rhinolophus hipposideros, and to a lesser extent also R. blasii, have extremely short hand wings, enabling highly maneuverable search flight close to vegetation. The largest species, R. ferrumeguinum, and the 2nd largest one, R. mehelyi, have rather long hand wings, allowing fast and economic commuting flight over longer distances. We argue that both size and shape are likely to play a role for niche separation between species. We found both sexual and geographic variation within species. There was sexual dimorphism for most parameters, with females being larger than males. Populations of R. mehelyi in southeastern Europe had significant variation in wing measurements. This was not so for R. ferrumeguinum and R. euryale. We give a discriminant function based on only 2 parameters that correctly assigned 98% of the 3,081 individuals to species. This function may prove useful for identification of museum specimens.