Rule-based extrapolation in perceptual categorization
Rule-based extrapolation in perceptual categorization
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03196273
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kruschke, JK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erickson, MA;Kruschke, JK
Erickson和Kruschke(1998)证明，在某些情况下，人们会根据外推规则对新的刺激进行分类，即使最相似的训练样本是该规则的例外。这一结果对样本模型提出了挑战。Nosofsky和Johansen(2000)对这一发现提出了质疑，他们根据刺激的感知特征对这些数据进行了基于样本的解释。在这里，我们描述了一个新实验的结果，它产生的结果类似于以前发现的结果，没有可疑的感知特征：学习对所有训练刺激进行分类的参与者具有概括模式，表明规则和样本表征的组合。Atrium是一种混合规则和样本模型(Erickson&Kruschke，1998)，它对这些数据的解释要比样本模型Colve(Kruschke，1992)好得多。此外，包括诺索夫斯基和约翰森提出的一种解释在内的四种可供选择的范例解释不能解释我们的新发现。
Erickson and Kruschke (1998) provided a demonstration that in certain situations people will classify novel stimuli according to an extrapolated rule, even when the most similar training exemplar is an exception to the rule. This result challenged exemplar models. Nosofsky and Johansen (2000) have called this finding into question by offering an exemplar-based explanation for those data based on the perceptual features of the stimuli. Here, we describe the results of a new experiment that yields results similar to those found previously without the questionable perceptual features: Participants who learn to classify all the training stimuli have patterns of generalization that indicate a combination of rule and exemplar representation. ATRIUM a hybrid rule and exemplar model (Erickson & Kruschke, 1998), is shown to account for these data much better than ALCOVE, an exemplar model (Kruschke, 1992). Moreover, four alternate exemplar explanations, including one suggested by Nosofsky and Johansen, cannot account for our new findings.