On-road vehicle emission inventory and its uncertainty analysis for Shanghai, China
On-road vehicle emission inventory and its uncertainty analysis for Shanghai, China
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上海市道路车辆排放清单及其不确定性分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.01.038
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发表时间：
2008-07-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Fu, Lixin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Haikun;Chen, Changhong;Fu, Lixin
随着机动车数量和机动车活动量的增加，机动车排放正成为中国上海最主要的空气污染源。准确估计这个城市的交通排放已经变得很重要。本文提出了一种基于国际汽车排放（IVE）模型的自下而上的方法来编制上海市汽车排放清单。结果表明：2004年上海市机动车CO、VOC、NOx和PM的总排放量分别为57.06 × 10(4) t、7.75 × 10(4) t、9.20 × 10(4) t和0.26 × 10(4) t；总排放量的约20%是在冷启动期间排放的。卡车和公共汽车等重型车辆贡献了一半以上的氮氧化物和PM。摩托车和轻便摩托车提供了45.0%的VOC和36.3%的PM。轻型车辆是二氧化碳排放的主要来源。讨论了按时间和道路类型对车辆排放的评价。三个高峰时段的排放量占白天总排放量的54% ~ 56%，其中干线道路的排放量占总排放量的50%以上。最后，重点分析了两个关键因素的不确定性：排放因素和车辆行驶总公里数（VKT）估算。分析表明，本文计算的排放系数与道路试验结果接近，VKT与其他计算结果的差异小于10%。(C) 2008 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
As vehicle population and activity increase, vehicle emissions are becoming the most predominant source of air pollution in Shanghai, China. It has become important to accurately estimate the traffic emissions in this city. This paper presents a bottom-up approach based on the International Vehicle Emission (IVE) model to develop the vehicle emission inventory for Shanghai. The results show that the total emissions of CO, VOC, NOx and PM from vehicles in Shanghai in 2004 were 57.06x10(4) t, 7.75 X 10(4) t, 9.20 x 10(4) t and 0.26x 10(4) t, respectively. About 20% of the total emissions were emitted during the cold start period. Heavy-duty vehicles such as trucks and buses contributed over half of NOx and PM. Motorcycles and mopeds provided 45.0% of VOC and 36.3% of PM. Light-duty vehicles are the main source of CO emissions. An assessment of vehicle emissions by time of day and road type was also discussed. The three peak emission periods accounted for 54% to 56% of the total emissions during the day and more than 50% of the total emissions were emitted on the arterial roads. Finally, the study focused on the uncertainty analysis of two critical factors: emission factors and the estimate of the total Vehicle Kilometers Traveled (VKT). The analysis indicates that the emission factors calculated in this paper are close to those factors measured during on-road testing, and the difference between the VKT used in this paper and other calculations is less than 10%. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.