The Effect of Social Networks and Social Constructions on HIV Risk Perceptions
The Effect of Social Networks and Social Constructions on HIV Risk Perceptions
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DOI：
10.1007/s10461-019-02637-y
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Felsher, Marisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koku, Emmanuel;Felsher, Marisa
在美国，大约七分之一的艾滋病毒感染者不知道自己的血清状态，这表明个人可能低估了感染艾滋病毒的风险。很少有研究调查了社会结构和社会认知因素对艾滋病毒风险认知的影响。该分析确定了个人、人际和网络对高危异性恋者艾滋病毒风险认知的影响。数据来自科罗拉多斯普林斯的研究，这是一个由美国疾病控制与预防中心资助的项目，主要研究艾滋病毒在高危异性恋者中的传播。利用社会网络数据，首先在个人水平上使用部分比例赔率回归进行分析，以确定自我感知艾滋病毒风险的预测因素。接下来，使用GEE进行多元二元逻辑回归，以检验网络成员艾滋病毒风险感知的预测因子。人际特征，如对网络成员艾滋病毒风险的感知、种族同一性和参与多重性（同时发生吸毒、共用针头和关系中的性行为）与受访者自我感知的艾滋病毒风险显著相关。与网络成员艾滋病毒风险感知相关的因素包括自我感知的艾滋病毒风险、人际关系中的情感亲密度和毒品联系的密度。分析发现，艾滋病风险认知不仅是个人层面因素的产物，而且是人际和社会网络过程的产物。我们还发现，个人对自身风险的感知与其同事/网络成员的风险之间存在相互关系。研究结果强调需要将风险感知理解为人际关系，社会结构，包括社会认知过程的功能。
Roughly 1 in 7 people living with HIV in the United States is unaware of their sero-status, signaling that individuals may be underestimating their risk for HIV. Few studies have examined the effect of socio-structural and socio-cognitive factors on HIV risk perceptions. This analysis identifies individual, interpersonal and network influences on HIV risk perceptions among high-risk heterosexuals. Data come from the Colorado Springs study, a CDC-funded project focused on HIV transmission among high-risk heterosexuals. Using social network data, analyses were first conducted at the individual-level using a partial proportional odds regression to identify predictors of self-perceived HIV risk. Next, multivariate binary logistic regression using GEE was used to examine predictors of perceptions of network member's HIV risk. Interpersonal characteristics such as perceptions of network member's HIV risk, racial homophily, and engagement in multiplexity (co-occurrence of drug-use, needle sharing and sex within relationships) were significantly associated with respondents' self-perceived HIV risk. Factors associated with perceptions of network member's HIV risk include self-perceived HIV risk, emotional closeness within relationships, and density of drug ties. Analyses found HIV risk perception is the product of not only individual-level factors, but also interpersonal and social network processes. We also found a reciprocal relationship between individuals' perceptions of their own risk and the risk of their associates/network members. Findings highlight the need for understanding risk perception as a function of interpersonal relationships, social constructions, including socio-cognitive processes.