The impact of land use change on migrant birds in the Sahel
The impact of land use change on migrant birds in the Sahel
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DOI：
10.1080/14888386.2014.931822
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发表时间：
2014-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Vickery, Juliet A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adams, William M.;Small, Robert D. S.;Vickery, Juliet A.
西非旱地的干旱和环境退化被广泛认为是萨赫勒地区冬季或阶段候鸟数量下降的可能原因。低降雨量是20世纪60年代和70年代长途迁徙者减少的一个重要因素，但长期减少的原因可能是复杂的，受到任何或所有繁殖地、迁徙路线或越冬地的因素的影响。在过去四十年中，人类活动对萨赫勒地区的土地利用产生了深远的影响，因为农民、牲畜饲养者和其他资源使用者对干旱以及经济和社会变化作出了反应。已经对萨赫勒地区候鸟栖息地的利用进行了局部生态研究，但仍然缺乏对非洲-古北极候鸟减少中土地利用变化的系统理解。本文通过对已发表的科学文献的系统回顾，评估了萨赫勒地区旱地环境变化与该地区冬季候鸟数量之间联系的证据基础。它分析了在多大程度上理解是基于萨赫勒地区本身的实地调查，并得出结论，尽管关于人类土地利用变化对鸟类数量的重要性的科学共识，但实地证据非常缺乏。存在最多证据的两种土地利用变化是湿地和林地栖息地的丧失，这两种土地利用变化对候鸟物种的影响主要是负面的，但并非都是负面的。迫切需要对萨赫勒地区鸟类种群与旱地土地利用变化之间的联系进行更直接的研究。
Drought and environmental degradation in the drylands of West Africa are widely cited as a possible cause of population decline in migrant birds that winter or stage in the Sahel. Low rainfall was an important factor in declines of long-distance migrants in the 1960s and 1970s, but longer-term declines are likely to be complex in causation, affected by factors operating on any or all of breeding grounds, migration routes or wintering grounds. Human activities have had profound effects on land use in the Sahel in the last four decades, as farmers, livestock keepers and other resource users have responded to drought and economic and social change. Localised ecological studies of habitat use by migrant birds in the Sahel have been undertaken, but a systematic understanding of the place of land use change in the decline of Afro-Palaearctic migrants is still lacking. This paper uses a systematic review of published scientific literature to assess the evidence base for the links between dryland environmental change in the Sahel and numbers of migrant birds that winter in this region. It analyses the extent to which understanding is based on fieldwork in the Sahel itself and concludes that, despite the scientific consensus about the significance of human land use change on bird numbers, field evidence is greatly lacking. The two land use changes for which most evidence exist are loss of wetland and woodland habitats for which impacts on migrant bird species are largely, but not uniformly, negative. More direct research on the links between bird populations and dryland land use change in the Sahel is urgently needed.