Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward
Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.5483-09.2010
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发表时间：
2010-02-17
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Small, Dana M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Felsted, Jennifer A.;Ren, Xueying;Small, Dana M.
结合遗传和神经成像技术可以阐明神经生理学个体差异和潜在疾病脆弱性的生物学基础。TaqIA A1变异与多巴胺D-2受体密度降低、体重增加和食物强化有关。它还能调节大脑对食物的反应和未来体重增加之间的关系。这表明，这种多态性与食物神经生理学的根本差异有关，这种差异可能会导致暴饮暴食。另一种可能性是，冲动、饮食方式、奖励驱动和感知等因素可能与多态性协同变化，影响奖励编码和饮食行为。为了区分这些选择，我们使用功能性磁共振成像来测量具有（A1 +; n = 13）和不具有（A1 -; n = 13） TaqIA A1等位基因的健康受试者摄取美味奶昔和高热量奶昔时的神经反应。这些人是从一个更大的群体中挑选出来的，并根据相关的个人因素进行匹配，如年龄、性别、教育程度、体重指数、冲动、饮食方式和对奶昔的感知反应。我们证明了基因型（A1 + vs A1 -）和刺激（奶昔vs无味/无味基线）在中脑、丘脑和眶额叶皮层中的相互作用；A1 -表示对奶昔的反应增加，A1 +表示对奶昔的反应相对于基线减少。尽管人们对奶昔的愉悦度、强度和熟悉度都有相似的评价，但这种互动还是会发生。因此，我们得出结论，在摄取美味食物时，TaqIA A1多态性与大脑反应之间存在特定的关联。
Combining genetic and neuroimaging techniques may elucidate the biological underpinnings of individual differences in neurophysiology and potential vulnerabilities to disease. The TaqIA A1 variant is associated with diminished dopamine D-2 receptor density, higher body mass, and food reinforcement. It also moderates the relationship between brain response to food and future weight gain. This suggests that the polymorphism is associated with a fundamental difference in the neurophysiology of food that may predispose toward overeating. An alternative possibility is that factors, such as impulsivity, eating style, reward drive, and perception, which may covary with the polymorphism, influence reward coding and eating behavior. To distinguish between these alternatives, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure neural response to the ingestion of palatable and caloric milkshakes in healthy subjects with (A1 +; n = 13) and without (A1 -; n = 13) the TaqIA A1 allele. The groups were selected from a larger group to be matched for linked individual factors such as age, gender, education, body mass index, impulsivity, eating style, and perceptual responses to the milkshake. We demonstrate an interaction between genotype (A1 + vs A1 -) and stimulus (milkshake vs a tasteless/odorless baseline) in the midbrain, thalamus, and orbital frontal cortex; whereas A1 - shows increased responses to milkshake, A1 + shows decreased responses to milkshake relative to baseline. This interaction occurs despite similar ratings of milkshake pleasantness, intensity, and familiarity. We therefore conclude that there is a specific association between the TaqIA A1 polymorphism and brain response during ingestion of a palatable food.