NMDA and D2-Like Receptors Modulate Cognitive Flexibility in a Color Discrimination Reversal Task in Pigeons
NMDA and D2-Like Receptors Modulate Cognitive Flexibility in a Color Discrimination Reversal Task in Pigeons
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019504
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Herold, Christina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Herold, Christina
抑制学习和灭绝学习代表了认知灵活性的形式，指的是动物改变行为以应对环境需求的意外变化的能力。多巴胺和谷氨酸在调节这种行为中的作用已经被牵连。在这里，我们确定了在鸽子的前脑的D2样受体激动剂quinpirole，D2样受体拮抗剂舒必利和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体拮抗剂AP-5的侧脑室注射的影响初始收购和逆转的颜色辨别任务。第一天，鸽子必须学会区分两种颜色。在第二天，鸽子首先进行了保留测试，随后是两个颜色键的奖励偶然性的逆转。没有一种药物改变了最初获得颜色辨别的表现，也没有影响学习到的色键的保留。相反，所有药物都通过增加逆转会话中的试验和不正确反应来损害逆转学习。我们的数据支持这样的假设：D2样受体机制，如N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体调节，参与认知灵活性和再学习过程，但不参与刺激-奖励关联的初始学习。
Reversal and extinction learning represent forms of cognitive flexibility that refer to the ability of an animal to alter behavior in response to unanticipated changes on environmental demands. A role for dopamine and glutamate in modulating this behavior has been implicated. Here, we determined the effects of intracerebroventricular injections in pigeons' forebrain of the D2-like receptor agonist quinpirole, the D2-like receptor antagonist sulpiride and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist AP-5 on initial acquisition and reversal of a color discrimination task. On day one, pigeons had to learn to discriminate two color keys. On day two, pigeons first performed a retention test, which was followed by a reversal of the reward contingencies of the two color keys. None of the drugs altered performance in the initial acquisition of color discrimination or affected the retention of the learned color key. In contrast, all drugs impaired reversal learning by increasing trials and incorrect responses in the reversal session. Our data support the hypothesis that D2-like receptor mechanisms, like N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor modulations, are involved in cognitive flexibility and relearning processes, but not in initial learning of stimulus-reward association.