50th Anniversary Perspective: Are Polymer Nanocomposites Practical for Applications?
50th Anniversary Perspective: Are Polymer Nanocomposites Practical for Applications?
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02330
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发表时间：
2017-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Winey, Karen I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kumar, Sanat K.;Benicewicz, Brian C.;Winey, Karen I.
在过去的几十年里，聚合物纳米复合材料领域一直处于聚合物界研究的前沿。在此期间发表在《大分子》上的基础性工作强调了纳米填料的物理和化学性质;显着的早期发展表明，这些材料将在塑料工业中引发一场革命。经过25年的创新和突破性研究，PNC已经实现了许多利基解决方案。为了补充现有的大量文献，我们将这一观点集中在PNC应用的四个案例研究上：（i）填充橡胶，（ii）连续纤维增强热固性复合材料，（iii）气体分离膜，以及（iv）电容器和绝缘材料。在介绍了合成发展之后，我们讨论了聚合物纳米复合材料在这些主题领域中的应用;成功将被注意到，我们将通过强调需要克服的各种技术瓶颈来完成每个部分，以将这些材料带到全面的实际应用中。通过考虑过去的成功和失败，我们将强调进一步扩大这些材料的实际相关性所需的关键基础科学。
The field of polymer nanocomposites has been at the forefront of research in the polymer community for the past few decades. Foundational work published in Macromolecules during this time has emphasized the physics and chemistry of the inclusion of nanofillers; remarkable early developments suggested that these materials would create a revolution in the plastics industry. After 25 years of innovative and groundbreaking research, PNCs have enabled many niche solutions. To complement the extensive literature currently available, we focus this Perspective on four case studies of PNCs applications: (i) filled rubbers, (ii) continuous fiber reinforced thermoset composites, (iii) membranes for gas separations, and (iv) dielectrics for capacitors and insulation. After presenting synthetic developments we discuss the application of polymer nanocomposites to each of these topic areas; successes will be noted, and we will finish each section by highlighting the various technological bottlenecks that need to be overcome to take these materials to full-scale practical application. By considering past successes and failures, we will emphasize the critical fundamental science needed to further expand the practical relevance of these materials.