Blockchain in Education: A Systematic Review and Practical Case Studies
Blockchain in Education: A Systematic Review and Practical Case Studies
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2022.3206791
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Patrick Ocheja;F. J. Agbo;S. Oyelere;B. Flanagan;H. Ogata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Patrick Ocheja;F. J. Agbo;S. Oyelere;B. Flanagan;H. Ogata
区块链技术在过去十年中的出现导致了包括教育在内的各个领域的多个去中心化用例的发展。本文对教育中的区块链进行了独特的文献计量学和定性分析，在时间发展、新兴主题以及采用和整合现有教育技术的实践案例研究方面做出了新的贡献。我们专注于确定该领域的主要参与者、人口参与和采用、当前热门话题、灰色地带和潜在的创新领域。我们的分析表明，虽然区块链已经存在了大约13年，但区块链在教育中的地位是在5年前才开始凸显的。这项研究还表明，大多数努力都集中在报告和核实学业证书和成绩单上：只有极少数研究侧重于报告和连接深入的学术记录，如学习行为日志、学习内容和评估数据。这引发了人们的担忧，因为目前的教育区块链系统没有考虑区块链层面的互操作性，以及机构创建和使用学术数据的异构性。最后，我们讨论了我们的发现的含义、潜在的解决方案以及教育区块链研究的方面，这些方面可以帮助改善不同利益攸关方的教育成果。
The advent of blockchain technology over the last decade has led to the development of multiple use-cases of decentralization in various fields including education. This paper presents a unique bibliometric and qualitative analysis of the blockchain in education with novel contributions on temporal development, emerging themes and practical case studies on adoption and integration with existing educational technologies. We focus on identifying the major actors in the space, demographic participation and adoption, current hot topics, grey areas, and potential areas for innovation. Our analysis shows that while the blockchain has been around for about 13 years, blockchain in education only became prominent 5 years ago. This research also reveals that most of the efforts have been focused on reporting and verifying academic certificates and transcripts: only very few research focused on reporting and connecting in-depth academic records such as learning behaviour logs, learning contents and assessment data. This calls for concern as current education blockchain systems do not consider interoperability at the blockchain level and the heterogeneous nature in which institutes create and consume academic data. Finally, we present discussions on the implications of our findings, potential solutions and aspects of education blockchain research that can help to improve educational outcomes for various stakeholders.