The use of comparative 137Cs body burden estimates from environmental data/models and whole body counting to evaluate diet models for the ingestion pathway.
The use of comparative 137Cs body burden estimates from environmental data/models and whole body counting to evaluate diet models for the ingestion pathway.
复制标题
使用环境数据/模型和全身计数中的 137C 身体负荷比较估计值来评估摄入途径的饮食模型。
作者：
W. Robison;Casper Sun
1954年3月1日，美国在比基尼环礁进行了代号为BRAVO的核试验。在爆炸后的头几天，这两个环礁岛的居民都被带离环礁岛，并在不同的时间被送回环礁岛。劳伦斯·利弗莫尔国家实验室多年来进行了详细的研究，以确定环礁的放射性状况，并估计对居民的剂量。评价了每种照射途径和放射性核素的贡献。所有剂量评估表明，对估计剂量的主要潜在贡献是通过陆地食物链吸收137 Cs。布鲁克海文国家实验室（Brookhaven National Laboratory，BNL）多年来在两个环礁岛开展了广泛的全身计数计划，以直接测量137Cs的体内负荷。在这里，我们比较估计的身体负担从LLNL环境方法与身体负担的BNL全身计数方法测量。两种方法的结果组合用于评价拟定的饮食模型，以建立更现实的剂量评估。这两种方法之间达成了非常好的协议，包括当地和进口食品的饮食模式。其他饮食模型大大高估了身体负担（即，剂量）通过全身计数观察。基于环境方法的群体平均值周围个体间变异性的95%置信上限与通过全身计数直接测量计算的结果相似。此外，基于环境方法的总体平均值的不确定性与全身计数数据非常一致。这为将环境方法计算的估计剂量外推到其他岛屿和环礁提供了更多的信心。
Rongelap and Utirik Atolls were contaminated on 1 March 1954, by a U.S. nuclear test at Bikini Atoll code named BRAVO. The people at both atolls were removed from their atolls in the first few days after the detonation and were returned to their atolls at different times. Detailed studies have been carried out over the years by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to determine the radiological conditions at the atolls and estimate the doses to the populations. The contribution of each exposure pathway and radionuclide have been evaluated. All dose assessments show that the major potential contribution to the estimated dose is 137Cs uptake via the terrestrial food chain. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has carried out an extensive whole body counting program at both atolls over several years to directly measure the 137Cs body burden. Here we compare the estimates of the body burdens from the LLNL environmental method with body burdens measured by the BNL whole body counting method. The combination of the results from both methods is used to evaluate proposed diet models to establish more realistic dose assessments. Very good agreement is achieved between the two methods with a diet model that includes both local and imported foods. Other diet models greatly overestimate the body burdens (i.e., dose) observed by whole body counting. The upper 95% confidence limit of interindividual variability around the population mean value based on the environmental method is similar to that calculated from direct measurement by whole body counting. Moreover, the uncertainty in the population mean value based on the environmental method is in very good agreement with the whole body counting data. This provides additional confidence in extrapolating the estimated doses calculated by the environmental method to other islands and atolls.