Detailed characterization and profiles of crankcase and diesel particulate matter exhaust emissions using speciated organics.
Detailed characterization and profiles of crankcase and diesel particulate matter exhaust emissions using speciated organics.
复制标题
使用特定有机物对曲轴箱和柴油机颗粒物废气排放进行详细表征和概况。
DOI：
10.1021/es703065h
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Liu,LJSally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zielinska,Barbara;Campbell,David;Lawson,DouglasR;Ireson,RobertG;Weaver,ChristopherS;Hesterberg,ThomasW;Larson,Timothy;Davey,Mark;Liu,LJSally
2005 年 8 月至 9 月开展了一项监测活动，以比较量化校车自身污染的不同实验方法。作为该监测活动的一部分，对柴油发动机尾气管 PM2.5 排放和道路牵引管曲轴箱排放进行了详细表征。为了区分尾管和曲轴箱排气排放，在发动机油中添加了氘代烷烃正十六烷-d74(n-C36D74)，作为润滑油颗粒物排放的有意定量示踪剂。本文重点介绍本研究中使用的两辆校车曲轴箱和尾管 PM 排放物的详细化学形态。我们发现，这两辆校车曲轴箱的有机碳排放率普遍高于尾气管，而元素碳仅在尾气管排放中贡献较大。然后，添加到发动机油中的 C36D74 从曲轴箱的排放率高于尾管。曲轴箱排放物中发动机油示踪剂（藿烷和甾烷）的比例要高得多。与颗粒相关的 PAH 排放率通常非常低（<1 μg/km），但曲轴箱中存在的 PAH 种类比尾气排放中的多。在客车车厢内收集的样品形态与大多数源自曲轴箱排放的客车自污染一致。
A monitoring campaign was conducted in August−September 2005 to compare different experimental approaches quantifying school bus self-pollution. As part of this monitoring campaign, a detailed characterization of PM2.5diesel engine emissions from the tailpipe and crankcase emissions from the road draft tubes was performed. To distinguish between tailpipe and crankcase vent emissions, a deuterated alkane,n-hexatriacontane-d74(n-C36D74) was added to the engine oil to serve as an intentional quantitative tracer for lubricating oil PM emissions. This paper focuses on the detailed chemical speciation of crankcase and tailpipe PM emissions from two school buses used in this study. We found that organic carbon emission rates were generally higher from the crankcase than from the tailpipe for these two school buses, while elemental carbon contributed significantly only in the tailpipe emissions. Then-C36D74that was added to the engine oil was emitted at higher rates from the crankcase than the tailpipe. Tracers of engine oil (hopanes and steranes) were present in much higher proportion in crankcase emissions. Particle-associated PAH emission rates were generally very low (<1 μg/km), but more PAH species were present in crankcase than in tailpipe emissions. The speciation of samples collected in the bus cabins was consistent with most of the bus self-pollution originating from crankcase emissions.