Responses of aortic smooth muscle to thrombin and thrombin analogues.
Responses of aortic smooth muscle to thrombin and thrombin analogues.
复制标题
主动脉平滑肌对凝血酶和凝血酶类似物的反应。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb34594.x
复制
发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Fenton2nd,JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walz,DA;Anderson,GF;Fenton2nd,JW
凝血酶是由其循环酶原凝血酶原的羧基末端部分产生的丝氨酸蛋白酶。“促凝剂a-凝血酶的产生受凝血酶原的肝脏合成、凝血酶原氨基末端片段中维生素k依赖性γ -羧谷氨酸残基的存在以及凝血酶原激活复合物的组装所控制。-凝血酶原的激活，与其他凝血酶原的激活不同，它产生的酶不与酶原的表面结合片段相连。凝血酶产生的浓度超过了前面激活途径酶的浓度。9人血浆中含有足够量的凝血酶原，可产生约150凝血单位/ml，相当于1.37 iM。2然而，在全血或血浆的自发凝血过程中，可测量的凝血活性不超过15单位/毫升，尽管在凝血过程中消耗了90%的凝血酶原，通过凝血酶原片段I和2.3的形成来测量。这种凝血酶原的消耗过程与纤维蛋白原形成的纤维蛋白直接相关。促凝剂a-凝血酶在止血中有多种功能，包括将纤维蛋白原转化为纤维蛋白，激活其他血浆凝血蛋白（因子V、VIII、XIII和蛋白C），以及激活血小板。凝血酶也被证明与几乎所有哺乳动物组织或细胞类型相互作用，包括内皮细胞、神经细胞、平滑肌、白细胞和纤维细胞
Thrombin is the serine proteinase generated from the carboxy-terminal portion of its circulating zymogen prothrombin."'The generation of procoagulant a-thrombin is controlled by the hepatic synthesis of prothrombin, the presence of the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues within the amino-terminal fragment of prothrombin, and the assembly of the prothrombinase activation complex.-Prothrombin activation, unlike the activation of the other coagulation zymogens, generates an enzyme that is not linked to surface-binding fragments of the zymogen. Thrombin is generated in concentrations that exceed that of the preceding activation pathway enzymes. 9 Human plasma contains a sufficient amount of prothrombin to generate approximately 150 clotting units/ml,'" corresponding to 1.37 iM." 2 During the spontaneous clotting of whole blood or plasma, however, measurable clotting activities do not exceed 15 units/ml" despite the fact that> 90% of the prothrombin is consumed during the clotting process, as measured by the formation of prothrombin fragments I and 2.3 This prothrombin consumptive process is directly correlated with fibrin formation from fibrinogen. 3The procoagulant a-thrombin has several functions in hemostasis, including the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, the activation of other plasma coagulation proteins (factors V, VIII, XIII and protein C), and the activation of platelets. 6 Thrombin has also been shown to interact with virtually all mammalian tissue or cell types including endothelial cells, 1" nerve cells,"'6 smooth muscle, 4'1 7'1 leukocytes,'-and fibro-