Treatment of landfill leachates with biological pretreatments and reverse osmosis
Treatment of landfill leachates with biological pretreatments and reverse osmosis
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生物预处理和反渗透处理垃圾渗滤液
DOI：
10.1007/s10311-019-00860-6
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
15.7
通讯作者：
["I. Tałałaj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
["I. Tałałaj
来自城市垃圾填埋场的垃圾渗滤液通常受到严重污染，因此在直接排放到自然沃茨之前需要进行处理。选择适当的渗滤液处理技术仍然是城市垃圾填埋场运营的一个主要挑战。生物降解是有效的处理年轻的渗滤液，而旧的渗滤液需要的过程，如化学氧化，混凝，化学沉淀，臭氧，活性炭吸附，反渗透。最近，生物预处理与物理化学处理相结合已被证明是非常有效的。在这里，我们回顾了生物处理与反渗透相结合，以清洁垃圾填埋场渗滤液的效率。我们特别研究了包括膜生物反应器、活性污泥、旋转生物接触器和上流式厌氧污泥床处理，然后进行反渗透的工艺。我们发现，99-99.5%的化学需氧量（COD）的去除，和99-99.8%的N-NH 4+去除使用反渗透和活性污泥。使用反渗透与旋转生物接触器，我们观察到99%的去除COD，生化需氧量和N-NH 4+。反渗透、活性污泥和旋转生物接触器的组合去除了98-99.2%的Cl−和99-99.7%的Pb。通过反渗透与膜生物反应器的组合或反渗透与活性污泥的组合，总悬浮固体的去除率最高可达99%。
Landfill leachates from municipal landfills are usually heavily contaminated and thus require treatments before direct discharge into natural waters. Selecting the appropriate technology for leachate treatment is still a major challenge for operations in municipal landfills. Biodegradation is effective for treating young leachates, whereas old leachates require processes such as chemical oxidation, coagulation–flocculation, chemical precipitation, ozonation, activated carbon adsorption, and reverse osmosis. Recently, the combination of biological pretreatments followed by physico-chemical processes has been shown to be very efficient. Here we review the efficiency of biological treatment in combination with reverse osmosis to clean landfill leachates. We studied in particular processes including a membrane bioreactor, activated sludge, a rotating biological contactor, and up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatments, followed by reverse osmosis. We found a 99–99.5% removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and a 99–99.8% removal of N–NH4+using reverse osmosis and activated sludge. Using reverse osmosis with a rotating biological contactor, we observed 99% removal of COD, biochemical oxygen demand and N–NH4+. The combination of reverse osmosis, activated sludge and rotating biological contactor removed 98–99.2% of Cl−and 99–99.7% of Pb. Total suspended solids are best removed, up to 99%, by either a combination of reverse osmosis with membrane bioreactor, or reverse osmosis with activated sludge.