Mercury levels in high-end consumers of fish.
Mercury levels in high-end consumers of fish.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.5837
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发表时间：
2003-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Moore, Dan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hightower, Jane M;Moore, Dan
食用含汞食品已被确定为健康风险。美国环境保护署 (U.S. EPA) 和美国国家科学院建议将全血汞含量保持在 < 5.0 微克/升或毛发含量 < 1.0 微克/克。这对应于每天 0.1 微克/公斤体重的参考剂量 (RfD)。使用当前的 RfD 对一年内前往加利福尼亚州旧金山一家私人内科诊所就诊的所有患者 (n = 720) 进行了汞过量评估。 123 名患者接受了测试（93 名女性，30 名男性）。其中，对 89 名受试者的数据进行了统计分析。 89 名受试者的汞含量范围为 2.0 至 89.5 微克/升。 66 名女性的平均值为 15 微克/升 [标准差 (SD) = 15]，23 名男性的平均值为 13 微克/升 (SD = 5)； 89% 的水平超过了 RfD。受试者食用了 30 种不同形式或类型的鱼。剑鱼与汞含量的相关性最高。 67 名患者在停止吃鱼后，随着时间的推移，血液中的汞含量连续下降；减少显着（p < 0.0001）。很大一部分患者的饮食中鱼类摄入量较高；其中很大一部分人的血汞含量超过了美国环保局和美国国家科学院建议的最高水平。这项调查中女性的平均汞含量是美国疾病控制与预防中心最近一项人口调查中发现的汞含量的 10 倍。有些孩子的水平是全国平均水平的 40 倍以上。
Consumption of food containing mercury has been identified as a health risk. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the National Academy of Sciences recommend keeping the whole blood mercury level < 5.0 microg/L or the hair level < 1.0 microg/g. This corresponds to a reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 microg/kg body weight per day. All patients in a 1-year period (n = 720) who came for an office visit in a private internal medicine practice in San Francisco, California, were evaluated for mercury excess using the current RfD. One hundred twenty-three patients were tested (93 females, 30 males). Of these, data were statistically analyzed for 89 subjects. Mercury levels ranged from 2.0 to 89.5 microg/L for the 89 subjects. The mean for 66 women was 15 microg/L [standard deviation (SD) = 15], and for 23 men was 13 microg/L (SD = 5); 89% had levels exceeding the RfD. Subjects consumed 30 different forms or types of fish. Swordfish had the highest correlation with mercury level. Sixty-seven patients with serial blood levels over time after stopping fish showed a decline in mercury levels; reduction was significant (p < 0.0001). A substantial fraction of patients had diets high in fish consumption; of these, a high proportion had blood mercury levels exceeding the maximum level recommended by the U.S. EPA and National Academy of Sciences. The mean level for women in this survey was 10 times that of mercury levels found in a recent population survey by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Some children were > 40 times the national mean.