Proactively designing nanomaterials to enhance performance and minimise hazard
Proactively designing nanomaterials to enhance performance and minimise hazard
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DOI：
10.1504/ijnt.2008.016552
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Hutchison, James E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harper, Stacey L.;Dahl, Jennifer A.;Hutchison, James E.
如果系统地研究环境和人类健康因素，并将这些结果用于优化安全性和性能，纳米技术的创新领域最有可能造福社会并获得认可。由于纳米技术从根本上允许在原子水平上操纵物质，一旦我们对纳米材料如何与生物系统相互作用的了解足够多，有毒相互作用就有可能通过创造性设计被消除。我们开发良性纳米颗粒的方法始于利用绿色化学原理合成精确设计的高纯度纳米颗粒库。接下来，使用快速体内系统（胚胎斑马鱼）进行生物相容性评估，以评估纳米材料在生物组织多个层面（即分子、细胞、系统、有机体）的生物活性和潜在毒性。我们的迭代测试和重新设计策略利用从生物学研究中获得的信息来为纳米材料设计过程提供信息，直到识别出良性产品和过程。为了使这些信息更普遍地可用，正在开发纳米材料-生物相互作用（NBI）知识库，该知识库将为工业界、学术界和监管机构提供一种机制，以合理地询问对生物系统中纳米材料暴露效应的公正解释。及时评估和传播有关纳米材料-生物相互作用的信息将提供急需的数据，提高公众对纳米技术行业的信任，并为学术界和工业界的纳米材料设计者提供信息，以指导更安全的纳米材料及其技术的开发。
The innovative field of nanotechnology is most likely to benefit society and gain acceptance if environmental and human health considerations are investigated systematically, and those results are used to optimise safety as well as performance. Since nanotechnology fundamentally allows manipulation of matter at the atomic level, toxic interactions could potentially be eliminated by creative design once our knowledge of how nanomaterials interact with biological systems is sufficient. Our approach to the development of benign nanoparticles begins with the synthesis of precisely engineered, high-purity nanoparticle libraries using the principles of green chemistry. Next, evaluations for biocompatibility are performed using a rapid in vivo system (embryonic zebrafish) to assess the biological activity and toxic potential of nanomaterials at multiple levels of biological organisation (i.e., molecular, cellular, systems, organismal). Our iterative testing and redesign strategy utilises information gained from the biological studies to inform the nanomaterial design process until benign products and processes are identified. To make this information more generally available, a knowledgebase of Nanomaterial-Biological Interactions (NBI) is being developed that will offer industry, academia and regulatory agencies a mechanism to rationally inquire for unbiased interpretation of nanomaterial exposure effects in biological systems. Timely evaluation and dissemination of information on nanomaterial-biological interactions will provide much needed data, improve public trust of the nanotechnology industry, and provide nanomaterial designers in academia and industry with information to direct the development of safer nanomaterials and resulting technologies.