Depression, stress, and blood pressure in urban African-American women.
Depression, stress, and blood pressure in urban African-American women.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.0889-7204.2006.04787.x
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jen, Kai-Lin Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Artinian, Nancy T;Washington, Olivia G M;Jen, Kai-Lin Catherine
非裔美国女性的高血压发病率高得令人不安，超过了非裔美国男性和其他族裔群体。这些差异的原因尚不清楚。抑郁症在女性中比男性更常见，它与内皮功能障碍、炎症、代谢和血液学异常以及交感神经系统活动增加有关，所有这些因素都与心血管疾病相关。采用描述性相关设计来检验以下假设：1）抑郁程度较高的非裔美国女性血压（BP）水平较高，心血管危险因素较多，压力较大，社会支持较低； 2）抑郁会调节压力和血压之间的关系。通过社区提供的免费血压筛查，随机抽取了 245 名患有高血压的非洲裔美国女性（平均年龄 61+/-12.7 岁）作为样本。所有数据均通过结构化访谈和简短体检收集。使用 Pearson r 相关系数、方差分析和多元回归分析来分析假设。抑郁程度较高的女性舒张压较高，吸烟的可能性更大，水果和蔬菜吃得更少，压力更大，社会支持更少。抑郁介导了压力和舒张压之间的关系。研究结果强调了评估患有高血压的城市非洲裔美国女性的行为和社会心理因素的重要性。
African-American women have disturbingly high rates of hypertension, exceeding those of African-American men and other ethnic groups. Reasons for these disparities are not understood. Depression, more common in women than men, has been linked to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, metabolic and hematologic abnormalities, and increased sympathetic nervous system activity--all factors associated with cardiovascular disease. A descriptive correlational design was used to test the following hypotheses: 1) African-American women with higher levels of depression will have higher blood pressure (BP) levels, more cardiovascular risk factors, greater stress, and lower social support; and 2) depression will mediate the relationship between stress and BP. A convenience sample of 245 hypertensive African-American women (mean age, 61+/-12.7 years) was recruited through free BP screenings offered in the community. All data were collected during a structured interview and brief physical examination. Pearson r correlation coefficients, analysis of variance, and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the hypotheses. Women with higher levels of depression had higher diastolic BP and were more likely to smoke, eat fewer fruits and vegetables, and have more stress and less social support. Depression mediated the relationship between stress and diastolic BP. The findings emphasize the importance of assessing both behavioral and psychosocial factors in urban African-American women with hypertension.