The assessment of obesity: methods for measuring body fat and global prevalence of obesity
The assessment of obesity: methods for measuring body fat and global prevalence of obesity
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DOI：
10.1053/beem.1999.0003
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发表时间：
1999-04-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Yap, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deurenberg, P;Yap, M
脂肪是储存在脂肪组织中的人体正常成分。肥胖症可以被定义为一种过度脂肪积累的状况，以至于健康和福祉受到影响。身体脂肪可以通过不同的方式在体内测定，使用相当精确的实验室技术或使用也可以应用于野外条件的简单估计技术。对于人口研究，世界卫生组织根据体重指数（BMI）定义了肥胖的临界值：体重/身高的平方（kg/m2）。通常，对于成人，如果BMI超过25 kg/m2，则认为受试者超重，如果BMI超过30 kg/m2，则认为受试者肥胖。然而，体脂百分比和BMI之间的关系在种族群体之间存在差异，因此，基于BMI的超重和肥胖的截止点必须具有种族特异性。这意味着，在某些人群中，临界点可能低于或高于建议的数字。调整截断点值将对一些国家的流行率数据产生重要影响，因为肥胖症的流行率将急剧增加或减少。肥胖症在儿童和成人中的流行率在全世界许多国家都很高，并且正在上升。鉴于肥胖对健康的影响，这是一个需要认真解决的公共卫生问题。
Fat is a normal component of the human body that is stored in adipose tissue. Obesity can be defined as a condition of excessive fat accumulation to the extent that health and well-being are affected. Body fat can be determined in vivo in different ways, using rather accurate laboratory techniques or using simple estimation techniques that can also be applied in field conditions. For population studies, the World Health Organization defines cut-off values for obesity based on the body mass index (BMI): weight/height squared (kg/m(2)). Generally, for adults, if the BMI exceeds 25 kg/m(2), a subject is considered to be overweight, and if the BMI exceeds the value of 30 kg/m(2), a subject is considered obese. However, the relationship between body fat percentage and BMI differs between ethnic groups, and, as a consequence, cut-off points for overweight and obesity based on BMI will have to be ethnicity specific. This means that, in some populations, the cut-off points could be lower or higher than the recommended figures. Adapting cut-off point values will have important consequences for prevalence data in some countries as the prevalence of obesity will dramatically increase or decrease. The prevalence of obesity, in children as well as in adults, is high in many countries all over the world and is rising. Given the impact of obesity on health, this is a public health issue that needs to be addressed seriously.