Antimicrobial resistance profiles of 5 common bovine mastitis pathogens in large Chinese dairy herds
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of 5 common bovine mastitis pathogens in large Chinese dairy herds
复制标题
中国大型奶牛场5种常见牛乳腺炎病原菌的耐药性分析
DOI：
10.3168/jds.2018-15135
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Han, Bo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng, Jia;Qu, Weijie;Han, Bo
抗菌素耐药性（AMR）在人类和动物病原体中的流行正在增加，成为全球关注的问题。然而，奶牛乳房炎病原体AMR在中国大型奶牛群中的流行和特征仍不清楚。因此，我们的目标是确定从中国大型（>500头奶牛）奶牛群中临床型乳房炎中分离的细菌的AMR谱。从中国10个省的45个奶牛场的牛临床型乳房炎中分离出5种最常见的菌种，金黄色葡萄球菌（n = 103）、非金黄色葡萄球菌（NAS; n = 107）、链球菌属（n = 101）、克雷伯氏菌属（n = 130）和大肠杆菌（n = 100）共541株。使用微量稀释法通过最小抑菌浓度确定是否存在AMR。多药耐药（对2种以上抗菌药物耐药）的患病率为27%（148/541）。一个非常广泛的分布，最低抑菌浓度进行了筛选，在所有的菌株，包括葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌分离株，其中耐青霉素（66%）。此外，NAS（30%）比葡萄球菌更耐药。金黄色葡萄球菌对苯唑西林（84%）、青霉素（62%）、四环素（34%）和克林霉素（33%）敏感。链球菌对四环素耐药率较高（59%）。此外，E.大肠杆菌和克雷伯氏菌属对阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾的敏感性较高（分别为81%和38%），其次是四环素（仅克雷伯氏菌属）。32%）。高比例（27%）的分离株是多重耐药的;最常见的组合是克林霉素-头孢氨苄-四环素或恩诺沙星-头孢氨苄-青霉素模式的葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌; NAS的恩诺沙星-苯唑西林-青霉素-四环素模式;链球菌属的克林霉素-恩诺沙星-四环素模式;克雷伯菌属的阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾-头孢噻呋-多粘菌素B模式;阿莫西林/克拉维酸钾-头孢噻呋-多粘菌素B模式。杆菌4种对人类医学非常重要的抗菌药物，包括达托霉素、万古霉素、亚胺培南和多粘菌素B，耐药性范围为0 - 24%。总之，在中国大型奶牛场，乳腺炎病原体中AMR的流行率很高，可能危及抗菌功效和公共健康。这项研究的结果强调了中国大型奶牛场需要改进抗菌药物管理和感染控制计划，以减少抗菌药物耐药性的出现。
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is increasing in human and animal pathogens, becoming a concern worldwide. However, prevalence and characteristics of AMR of bovine mastitis pathogens in large Chinese dairy herds are still unclear. Therefore, our objective was to determine the AMR profile of bacteria isolated from clinical mastitis in large (>500 cows) Chinese dairy herds. A total of 541 isolates of the 5 most common species, Staphylococcus aureus (n = 103), non-aureus staphylococci (NAS; n = 107), Streptococcus species (n = 101), Klebsiella species (n = 130), and Escherichia coli (n = 100), isolated from bovine clinical mastitis on 45 dairy farms located in 10 provinces of China were included. Presence of AMR was determined by minimum inhibitory concentrations using the microdilution method. Prevalence of multidrug resistance (resistance to >2 antimicrobials) was 27% (148/541). A very wide distribution of minimum inhibitory concentrations was screened in all isolates, including Staph. aureus isolates, which were resistant to penicillin (66%). In addition, NAS (30%) were more resistant than Staph. aureus to oxacillin (84%), penicillin (62%), tetracycline (34%), and clindamycin (33%). Prevalence of resistance to tetracycline was high (59%) in Streptococcus spp. Additionally, prevalence of resistance of both E. coli and Klebsiella spp. was high to amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (81 and 38%, respectively), followed by tetracycline (only Klebsiella spp. 32%). A high proportion (27%) of isolates were multidrug resistant; the most frequent combinations were clindamycin-cefalexin-tetracycline or enrofloxacin- cefalexin-penicillin patterns for Staph. aureus; enrofloxacin-oxacillin-penicillin-tetracycline patterns for NAS; clindamycin-enrofloxacin-tetracycline patterns for Streptococcus spp.; amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium-ceftiofur-polyinyxin B patterns for Klebsiella spp.; and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium-ceftiofur-polymyxin B patterns for E. coli. Resistance for 4 kinds of antimicrobials highly critical for human medicine, including daptomycin, vancomycin, imipenem, and polymyxin B, ranged from 0 to 24%. In conclusion, prevalence of AMR in mastitis pathogens was high on large Chinese dairy farms, potentially jeopardizing both antimicrobial efficacy and public health. Results of this study highlighted the need for improvements in antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs in large Chinese dairy farms to reduce emergence of AMR.